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Relationships & Social

1,115 phrasal verbs in this topic

ab off
C1

A highly informal or slang expression meaning to leave abruptly or to dismiss someone.

ache for
B2

To feel a strong, often painful, desire or longing for someone or something.

act out
B1

To perform or dramatise a situation, or to express emotions through behaviour rather than words.

adopt out
C1

To place a child (or sometimes an animal) with adoptive parents; to arrange for someone to be adopted by another family.

age out
B2

To become too old to qualify for or participate in a particular programme, benefit, or system.

agree with
A2

To share the same opinion as someone, or (of food/climate) to suit someone's health.

alpha up
C1

To adopt a more dominant, assertive, or confident manner, especially in social or competitive situations.

angle for
B2

To try to get something you want indirectly, often through hints or clever maneuvering.

answer back
B1

To reply rudely or cheekily to someone in authority, especially a parent or teacher.

answer to
B1

To be accountable to someone, or to respond to a particular name or description.

apple up
C1

To flatter or try to impress someone in authority, especially a teacher or boss, in order to gain favour.

argue out
B2

To settle a disagreement or find a solution by discussing it thoroughly, even if it involves debate.

ask after
B1

To ask about someone's health, wellbeing, or news, usually as a polite social gesture.

ask back
B1

To invite someone to come back to your home or a place after they have left, or to invite someone in return after they have invited you.

ask in
A2

To invite someone to come inside your home or a building.

ask out
A2

To invite someone on a date or to a social outing, typically in a romantic context.

ask over
A2

To invite someone to come to your home or current location.

ask round
A2

To invite someone to come to your home; chiefly British English.

ass out
C1

Vulgar slang meaning to abandon someone or withdraw from a commitment at the last moment.

baby up
C1

To treat someone or something with excessive care, gentleness, or pampering.

back down
B1

To withdraw from a position, argument, or confrontation; to stop insisting on something.

back off
B1

To stop pressuring someone, to move away from something, or to reduce an aggressive or intense approach.

back out
B1

To withdraw from a commitment, agreement, or plan, especially after promising to take part.

bag off
C1

British slang meaning to successfully attract a sexual or romantic partner, especially at a party or bar.

bag out
C1

Australian slang meaning to criticize or speak negatively about someone.

bail on
B2

To abandon a person, plan, or commitment, often suddenly and without adequate notice.

bail out on
B2

To abandon or desert someone, especially at a critical or difficult moment.

ball out
B2

To reprimand or scold someone angrily and loudly.

band together
B1

To come together as a group in order to achieve a common goal or oppose something.

bank on
B1

To rely confidently on something happening or someone doing something.

bar out
B2

To prevent someone from entering a place; to exclude someone.

barbecue up
B2

To prepare and cook food on a barbecue, often for a group.

barge in
B1

To enter or interrupt suddenly and rudely, without being invited.

battle it out
B1

To compete or struggle intensely against an opponent until one side wins.

bawl off
C1

To scold or reprimand someone loudly and angrily. (Rare, chiefly dialectal variant of 'bawl out')

bawl out
B1

To scold or reprimand someone loudly and angrily; or to shout or cry very loudly.

be around
A2

To be present in a place or available; to exist or remain in use over a period of time.

be into
A2

To have a strong enthusiasm for or active interest in something.

be on at
B1

To repeatedly pester or nag someone about something.

be on one
C1

British slang: to be in a highly energised, excited, or intoxicated state, often at a party or after taking drugs.

be with
A2

To be in a relationship with someone, to understand someone, or to support someone's position.

beak off
C1

To speak impudently, insolently, or cheekily; to talk back. (Rare, chiefly British dialectal)

bear against
C1

To exert pressure or force against something; or to hold a grudge or animosity toward someone.

bear with
B1

To be patient with someone or something; to tolerate a temporary inconvenience while waiting.

beat as one
C1

To pulse or throb in perfect unison, used especially of hearts to express shared emotion or unity.

beat up on
B1

To physically attack or harshly criticize someone, especially a weaker or easier target.

beer up
C1

To drink a lot of beer, especially before an event; to supply someone with beer.

beg off
B2

To ask to be excused from an obligation, meeting, or engagement; to politely withdraw from something you had agreed to do.

belong to
A2

To be the property of someone, or to be a member of a group or organization

belt down
C1

To drink alcohol or another liquid quickly and all at once.

big up
B2

To praise, promote, or show respect and admiration for someone or something.

bin off
C1

British informal: to end a romantic relationship with someone, or to discard or cancel something.

bind up
B2

To wrap and secure something tightly, especially a wound, or to be deeply involved or connected with something.

bird off
C1

British slang: to make an obscene gesture at someone by raising the middle finger.

blab out
B2

To reveal a secret or private information carelessly and without thinking.

black up
C1

To darken one's face or skin with makeup or paint, historically associated with racist minstrel performance; considered deeply offensive.

bleed for
B2

To feel great compassion or deep sorrow for someone; to suffer emotionally on someone else's behalf.

blend in
B1

To become part of a surrounding environment without being noticed; or, in cooking, to mix an ingredient smoothly into a mixture.

bless someone with
B2

To give or provide someone with a desirable quality, ability, or gift, often suggesting divine favour or good fortune.

blossom forth
C1

To emerge and develop fully, like a flower opening up; to show one's full potential.

blossom out
B2

To develop and flourish, revealing one's full potential or beauty.

blow off
B2

To ignore or cancel an obligation or person; for something to be removed by wind; or to release pressure.

blow upon
C1

To direct a stream of air onto something, or (figuratively) to tarnish or damage a reputation.

blurt out
B1

To say something suddenly and without thinking, often revealing something you did not mean to.

bog off
B2

A rude British expression telling someone to go away.

bolster up
B2

To strengthen, support, or increase someone's confidence, morale, or the effectiveness of something.

boo up
C1

To enter into a romantic relationship with someone; to become someone's partner.

booger off
C1

A mild rude expression telling someone to go away; a euphemistic American variant of 'bugger off'.

boogie down
B2

To dance energetically and enthusiastically, especially to funk, soul, or hip-hop music.

boot out
B2

To force someone to leave a place or position, often in a rough or unceremonious way.

booze up
B2

To drink large amounts of alcohol, often at a party or social gathering; also a noun referring to such an occasion.

bop it up
C1

To dance energetically or have an enthusiastic, lively time, typically at a party or social event.

boss about
B2

To tell people what to do in a domineering, overbearing way, especially without the right to do so.

boss around
B1

To tell people what to do in a domineering, controlling way, especially without proper authority.

bounce in
B1

To enter a place with a lot of energy and enthusiasm.

bounce into
B2

To move energetically into something, or to pressure someone into doing something quickly.

bounce on it
C1

Informal or slang phrase meaning to dance provocatively on someone, or in some dialects, to act quickly on something.

bow down
B1

To bend the body forward as a sign of respect or worship, or to submit to someone's power.

bow in
C1

To welcome or escort someone into a place with a bow as a gesture of deep respect.

bow out
B2

To withdraw gracefully from a commitment, competition, or position, especially at the end of a career or role.

bow to
B2

To show respect to someone by bowing, or to yield to someone's authority, wishes, or pressure.

bow up
C1

Chiefly US Southern dialect: to become aggressive, defensive, or confrontational; to puff oneself up in anger.

bowl over
B2

To physically knock someone off their feet, or to greatly impress or astonish someone.

bowl up
C1

To arrive or appear somewhere in a casual or confident manner.

boy off
C1

A rare dialectal expression meaning to dismiss or put someone off with excuses or evasion.

brag on
B1

To talk proudly and enthusiastically about someone or something, often excessively.

brass off
C1

to annoy someone very much

brazen out
C1

to get through criticism, embarrassment, or trouble by acting boldly and shamelessly

break from
B2

to separate yourself from a person, habit, tradition, or pattern

break it to
B2

to tell someone bad or difficult news, usually gently

break off
B1

to stop suddenly, separate a piece, or end a relationship or discussion

break up
A2

to separate into pieces, end a relationship, or make people move apart

break with
B2

to end relations with someone or reject an established idea or habit

breeze off
C1

to leave quickly and casually, often as if nothing matters

bridle up
C1

to react with visible annoyance, pride, or offense

bring along
A2

to bring someone or something with you, or to help someone improve

bring down on
C1

to cause something unpleasant to fall upon someone or something

bring oneself away
C1

to make yourself leave someone, somewhere, or something with difficulty

bring over
A2

to bring someone or something to another place, often someone's home, or to persuade someone to your side

bring round
B2

to make someone conscious again, persuade them, or take something to someone's home

bring together
B1

To unite people, groups, or ideas that were previously separate or in conflict.

bring up
A2

To raise a child, introduce a topic into conversation, or cause food to come back up from the stomach.

bring upon
B2

To cause something, usually something negative, to happen to oneself or another person through one's own actions.

bring with
A2

To carry or have something or someone accompany you when you come to a place.

bro down
C1

(Informal/slang) To spend time bonding and relaxing with male friends in a stereotypically masculine way.

bro out
C1

(Slang) To socialise and have fun with male friends in a stereotypically masculine way, or to act in an exaggeratedly macho manner.

broil up
C1

To cause or become involved in a heated quarrel, conflict, or disturbance.

brush off
B1

To dismiss someone or something in a curt, dismissive way, or to remove something from a surface by brushing.

brush up to
C1

To move close to someone or something, lightly touching or almost touching them as you pass or stand near.

buck in
C1

To contribute money or effort to a shared goal or group activity.

buck up
B2

To become more cheerful, brave, or energetic; or to make someone else feel this way.

buddy up
B1

To form a pair with someone, either for safety, social, or practical reasons.

budge up
A2

To move along a seat or bench to make room for another person.

bug off
B2

To go away; used as a rude command to tell someone to leave (North American informal).

bugger about
B2

To waste time or treat someone in an inconsiderate, unhelpful way (British, vulgar).

bugger around
B2

To waste time or treat someone inconsiderately (British/Australian, vulgar).

bugger off
B2

To go away, or used as a rude command telling someone to leave (British vulgar).

buggerise about
C1

Australian vulgar variant of 'bugger about': to waste time or act irresponsibly.

bump across
C1

To encounter or discover something or someone by chance.

bump into
A2

To collide with someone or something physically, or to meet someone unexpectedly.

bump on
C1

To encounter or come across something by chance (rare variant of 'bump into' or 'come upon').

bunch together
B1

To gather or group things or people closely together in one place or category.

bundle off
B2

To send someone away quickly, often with some degree of urgency or force.

bung it on
C1

Australian slang: to exaggerate, fake a reaction, or make a scene to get sympathy or attention.

bunk in
B2

To share a room or sleeping space with someone, usually on a temporary or informal basis.

bunk into
C1

To meet someone unexpectedly or by chance.

bunk together
B2

To share a sleeping space or room with one or more other people.

bunk up
B2

British informal: to give someone a leg-up so they can climb over something, or to move up to make room for another person.

buoy up
B2

To keep someone cheerful or confident, or to keep something from declining.

bust on
C1

(US informal/slang) To tease, mock, or make fun of someone.

bust up
B2

To damage or destroy something; to end a romantic relationship or friendship, often after a serious argument; to break up a fight or gatheri

butch up
C1

To act or appear more stereotypically masculine; to make something look tougher or more rugged.

butt in
B1

To rudely interrupt a conversation or interfere in a situation that does not concern you.

butt out
B2

To stop interfering or getting involved in something that is not your concern; usually used as an imperative.

butter up
B2

To flatter or praise someone excessively in order to get something from them.

buy over
C1

To persuade someone to switch allegiance or support by offering money or gifts.

call on
B1

To ask or invite someone to do something, or to pay a visit to someone.

call over
B1

To attract someone's attention and ask them to come to where you are.

call round
B1

British English: to visit someone at their home, usually briefly; or to phone a number of people in turn.

call to
B2

To shout or speak loudly toward someone in order to attract their attention or appeal to them.

call together
B2

To summon or assemble a group of people for a meeting or joint purpose.

call upon
B2

To formally ask or request someone to do something, or to appeal to something for support.

calm down
A2

To become less upset, angry, or excited, or to help someone else do so.

camp it up
B2

To behave or perform in an exaggeratedly theatrical, flamboyant, and deliberately artificial way.

care about
A2

To feel that something or someone is important and matters to you

care for
B1

To tend to someone's physical or emotional needs, or to feel affection for someone, or (in negative/question form) to like something.

carry on
A2

To continue doing something despite difficulties; to behave in an excited or disruptive way; or to have a romantic or sexual affair.

cast aside
B2

To reject or abandon something or someone, treating them as no longer useful or important.

cast off
B2

To release a boat from its mooring; to discard or reject something; to finish knitting by securing the last stitches.

cast out
B2

To banish or expel someone from a group or place, often with a sense of moral or spiritual condemnation.

cat around
C1

(North American, dated slang) To be sexually promiscuous; to seek casual sexual encounters.

cell up
C1

(prison slang) To be placed in a cell with another prisoner; to share a prison cell.

cement together
B2

To join things (or people) together in a lasting and solid way, either literally with cement or figuratively.

chalk against
C1

To record or attribute something as a fault or disadvantage against someone.

chance on
B2

To find or meet something or someone by accident.

chance upon
B2

To find or encounter something or someone entirely by accident.

charm up
C1

To win someone over or impress them through the use of personal charm.

chat away
B1

To talk in a relaxed, continuous, and friendly way for a period of time.

chat up
B1

To talk to someone in a friendly, flattering way, usually because you are romantically or sexually attracted to them.

cheat on
B1

To be unfaithful to a romantic partner, or to use dishonest methods during a test or exam.

check on
A2

To look at or visit someone or something briefly to see if everything is okay.

check out
A2

To officially leave a hotel; to look at or investigate something; or (informally) to be very attracted to someone.

check up on
B1

To investigate or monitor someone or something to ensure they are behaving correctly or everything is in order.

cheek it out
C1

To get through a difficult or awkward situation by being bold, impudent, or cheeky.

cheek up
C1

To behave in a bold, impudent, or impertinent manner.

cheek up to
C1

To behave impudently or impertinently toward a specific person, especially someone in authority.

cheer on
A2

To encourage and support someone actively, especially during a competition or challenge.

cheer up
A2

To become happier, or to make someone else feel happier after they have been sad or worried.

cheese off
B2

To annoy or irritate someone; to feel annoyed or fed up.

chill it with
B2

To stop or reduce doing something annoying or excessive.

chime in
B2

To join a conversation by adding a comment or opinion, sometimes unexpectedly.

chime up
C1

To suddenly speak up or interject a comment, often unexpectedly.

chin up
B1

An expression used to encourage someone to stay positive and brave when facing difficulty.

chipper up
C1

To become or make someone more cheerful and lively.

chirk up
C1

To become more cheerful and lively, or to make someone else feel that way.

choose up
B2

To select members for opposing teams, especially for informal games.

chop it up
B2

To have a lively, relaxed conversation; to chat and hang out casually.

chuck off
B2

To remove something or someone from a surface or vehicle, or (Australian/NZ) to tease or mock someone

chum in
C1

To share costs or contribute money jointly (rare, chiefly dialectal British English)

chum up
B2

To become friendly with someone; to start spending time with someone as a friend

circle up
B2

To form or gather into a circle

clap back
B2

To respond to criticism or an insult with a sharp, confident, and often witty comeback

clap in
C1

To welcome someone by applauding as they arrive or enter.

clap out
B2

To applaud someone as they leave or depart, especially as a farewell gesture; also used informally to describe something worn out or exhaust

clean up after
A2

To clean the mess left behind by another person or animal.

cling on
B1

To hold onto something or someone tightly, especially because of fear, difficulty, or desperation; to maintain a position with difficulty.

cling to
B1

To hold tightly to something or someone; or to refuse to let go of a belief, hope, or feeling.

clown about
B2

To behave in a silly, playful, or deliberately comedic way, often to amuse others.

clown around
B1

To behave in a silly, playful, or comedic way for the amusement of others or simply for fun.

clown on
C1

To publicly mock, ridicule, or humiliate a specific person, especially on social media (internet slang).

club out
C1

To exclude someone from a group, club, or set of activities.

club together
B2

For a group of people to each contribute a share of money to pay for something jointly.

cobber up
C1

Australian slang for becoming close friends or pairing up with someone.

cock it over
C1

To act in a superior or arrogant manner toward others; to swagger over someone.

come across
B1

To find or encounter something or someone by chance; or to make a particular impression on others.

come along
A2

To accompany someone somewhere; to arrive or appear; or to make progress.

come around
B1

To visit someone; to regain consciousness; to change one's opinion over time; or for a scheduled event to arrive.

come between
B2

to cause separation, conflict, or obstruction between people or things

come by
B1

to visit briefly, or to obtain something, especially with some difficulty

come in for
C1

to receive something, especially criticism, praise, or treatment from others

come on in
A2

used to invite someone to enter

come on over
A2

used to invite someone to visit, especially your home

come on to
C1

to make sexual or romantic advances toward someone

come over
A2

to visit someone, move from one place to another, or suddenly feel something

come round
B1

to visit, regain consciousness, or eventually agree after thinking

come together
B1

To unite, meet, or begin to work as a whole.

come with
A2

To be included as part of something, or to accompany someone.

come with it
C1

In informal or slang use, to be naturally stylish, skilled, or impressive; also used as an imperative meaning to produce or deliver what is

condescend upon
C1

To behave in a patronising or superior manner toward someone, treating them as inferior.

confide in
B1

To trust someone enough to share personal or secret information with them.

cool out
C1

To relax, calm down, or to calm someone else down; chiefly informal American English.

cop off
C1

Chiefly British informal: to avoid work or leave early without permission; also used to mean having a sexual or romantic encounter (see 'cop

cop off with
C1

British slang meaning to have a sexual or romantic encounter with someone, typically someone new.

cosy along
C1

To gently reassure or encourage someone along, keeping them comfortable and cooperative, often over a period of time.

cosy up
B2

To make oneself warm and comfortable, typically by curling up or moving close to something or someone.

cosy up to
B2

To deliberately try to become friendly or close to someone, especially a powerful or influential person, usually for personal advantage.

cotton to
B2

To like or feel comfortable with someone or something.

count in
B1

To include someone in a plan, activity, or group.

count on
B1

To trust that someone or something will help or behave in an expected way.

count out
B1

To exclude someone from a plan, or to count items one by one while distributing them.

count upon
B2

Formal variant of 'count on' — to trust or depend on someone or something.

couple up
B2

To form a romantic partnership, or to join two things together.

cozy up to
B2

To try to get close to someone, often in a flattering or self-serving way, or to become politically or socially aligned with someone.

crack onto
C1

Australian slang: to make romantic or sexual advances toward someone.

crap on
B2

To talk at length in a way that is boring, annoying, or perceived as worthless; also to speak disparagingly about someone or something.

crash in
B1

To sleep at someone's home informally and without prior arrangement; or to enter a place suddenly and forcefully.

cross over
B1

To move from one side, group, genre, or domain to another, either physically or figuratively.

cross up
C1

To confuse, deceive, or betray someone; to act in a way contrary to what was expected or agreed.

crow over
B2

To boast or express great triumph over someone else's defeat or one's own success in a way that others find annoying.

crowd in
B1

To press or gather into a space in large numbers; or for thoughts and feelings to enter the mind all at once.

crowd in on
B2

To press in around someone from all sides, creating a feeling of being overwhelmed or suffocated, either physically or emotionally.

crowd together
A2

To move or press close together into a small space, either by choice or necessity.

crush on
B1

To have a strong, romantic infatuation with someone, usually without the feeling being mutual.

cry down
C1

To belittle, depreciate, or speak disparagingly of someone or something in order to reduce their value or reputation.

cry it out
B1

To cry until the emotion is fully released and you feel better; also used for a baby sleep training method where a baby is left to cry until

cry off
B2

To cancel or withdraw from a previously agreed plan, commitment, or arrangement, especially at the last moment.

cry on
B1

To seek emotional comfort or support from someone by sharing one's problems or grief with them.

cuddle up
A2

To sit or lie very close to someone, wrapping your arms around them for warmth, comfort, or affection.

cuff out
C1

To hit or strike someone with an open hand, often lightly or dismissively.

curse out
B2

To direct a stream of angry, abusive, or profane language at someone.

cuss out
B2

To verbally attack someone using a lot of swear words and angry insults.

cut in
B1

To interrupt a conversation or activity; to move in front of someone else in a queue or in traffic; to ask someone to dance.

cut it out
A2

An informal command telling someone to stop doing something annoying or unacceptable.

dag out
C1

Australian informal: to dress or behave in an unstylish, dorky, or charmingly uncool way.

dandy up
C1

To dress oneself or something else up in a showy, elaborate, or flamboyant style.

dangle after
C1

To follow or pursue someone in a fawning, persistent, or romantically hopeful way.

dap up
B1

To greet someone with a special handshake, fist bump, or combination of physical greeting gestures.

darwin out
C1

Informal/internet slang: to be eliminated from a situation, gene pool, or competition due to one's own stupidity, recklessness, or poor deci

daughter out
C1

Genealogy/heraldry: (of a family name or male line) to become extinct because a family produces only daughters who, on marrying, take their

deal out
B1

To distribute something among several people, or to inflict something such as punishment.

deck out
B2

To decorate a place or dress a person in an elaborate or impressive way.

deck up
B2

To decorate or dress someone or something up in an impressive or festive way; a variant of 'deck out'.

deny of
C1

An archaic or rare form meaning to deprive someone of something or to withhold something from them.

depend on
A2

To need someone or something in order to function or succeed, or to vary according to conditions

dick about
B2

(British, vulgar informal) To waste time doing nothing useful, or to treat someone inconsiderately.

dick around
B2

(Vulgar informal) To waste time doing useless things, or to treat someone in a disrespectful or evasive way.

dick down
C1

(Vulgar slang) To have sexual intercourse with someone.

dig on
C1

To like or be attracted to someone or something (dated American slang).

dike up
C1

To dress smartly or tidy oneself up (British regional dialect, chiefly Northern English).

dime out
C1

To inform on or betray someone to the authorities (American slang).

dine out
A2

To eat a meal at a restaurant or another place outside the home.

dine out on
C1

To repeatedly use an amusing story or past experience to entertain people and gain social attention or status.

disagree with
A2

To have a different opinion from someone; or for food or medicine to cause discomfort to the body.

ditch out
C1

To leave or abandon a place, person, or commitment suddenly and without fulfilling obligations.

divide up
A2

To separate something into parts and distribute those parts among people or groups.

divvy up
B1

To divide and share something among a group of people, usually informally.

divy up
B1

Non-standard spelling of 'divvy up'; to divide and share something informally among a group.

do by
B2

To treat or act toward someone in a particular way.

do down
B2

To speak negatively about someone, or to cheat or treat someone unfairly. (British English)

dob in
B1

To report someone to an authority for doing something wrong; to inform on someone. (Australian/NZ English)

dob on
B1

To report someone to an authority figure for misbehaviour; to inform on someone. (Australian/NZ English)

dog around
C1

To follow someone persistently and annoyingly, or to move around as if tracking someone.

dog out
C1

To insult, criticise harshly, or disrespect someone. (American slang)

doll up
B1

To make oneself or someone else look attractive by dressing up smartly and applying make-up.

dork out
C1

To behave in an enthusiastically nerdy or socially awkward way about something.

dote over
B2

To show great, sometimes excessive love and attention toward someone.

double off
C1

A rare or non-standard variant, possibly meaning to share a space or to leave paired with another.

double up
B1

To share a space with someone, to bend in pain or laughter, or to increase something twofold.

dowdy up
C1

To make someone or something look old-fashioned, dull, or unfashionable.

drag in
B2

To involve someone or something unnecessarily or by force in a situation.

drag into
B2

To force or draw someone into a situation, place, or activity they do not want to be part of.

drag up
B2

To mention something unpleasant from the past that would be better forgotten, or to raise a child poorly.

draw into
B2

To gradually involve or attract someone into a situation, activity, or discussion.

draw together
B2

To bring people or things together, creating a sense of unity, or to come together as a group.

drift apart
B1

For people to gradually lose closeness in a relationship, without any argument or specific event causing it.

drink out
B1

To drink at a bar, pub, or other venue outside of one's home.

drink to
A2

To raise your glass and have a drink in honour of someone or something.

drink under
B2

To drink more alcohol than another person until they are drunk or unable to continue, always used in the fixed expression 'drink someone und

drop by
A2

To make a short, informal, and usually unplanned visit to someone at their home or workplace.

drop in
A2

To make a short, casual, and usually unplanned visit to a person or place.

drop round
A2

To make a brief, informal visit to someone at their home, or to deliver something to someone's house. (British English)

drop someone in it
B2

To accidentally or carelessly say or do something that causes another person to get into trouble.

dude up
C1

To dress oneself or another person up in smart, fancy, or flashy clothes.

duke in
C1

An extremely rare and non-standard phrase, occasionally used informally to mean involving someone in a fight or confrontation.

duke it out
B2

To fight or compete intensely with someone in order to settle a dispute or determine a winner.

dump on
B2

To treat someone badly by criticizing them harshly or by unloading your problems and emotional burdens on them unfairly.

dunk on
B2

To publicly humiliate, defeat decisively, or make fun of someone, especially in a clever or dramatic way; derived from basketball dunking.

dust up
B2

A minor fight, quarrel, or confrontation between people.

ease up
B1

To relax one's effort or become less harsh, demanding, or intense.

eat out
A2

To have a meal at a restaurant or café rather than at home.

edge in
B2

To move gradually and carefully into a position, space, or conversation.

egg on
B2

To encourage someone to do something risky, foolish, or unwise, often through taunting or peer pressure.

enquire after
B2

To ask politely about someone's health, wellbeing, or situation, often on behalf of oneself or another person.

enter into
B2

To begin or formally commit to an agreement, discussion, relationship, or activity.

even up
B1

To make two sides, amounts, or scores equal, especially after one has been at a disadvantage.

explain away
B2

To give reasons or excuses for something problematic in a way that minimizes it or tries to make it seem unimportant.

eye up
B2

To look at someone or something in an appraising, desiring, or flirtatious way.

face down
C1

To confront someone or something boldly and force them to back down through courage or determination.

fack off
C1

A euphemistic or written softening of the vulgar phrase 'fuck off,' used to tell someone to go away or to express strong disbelief or irrita

fall about
B2

To laugh so hard that you lose control of your body.

fall around
B2

To laugh so helplessly that one's body moves around uncontrollably.

fall for
B1

To become romantically attracted to someone, or to be deceived by a trick or lie.

fall in with
B2

To start associating with a group of people, or to agree to a plan or suggestion.

fall out
B1

To drop or detach from a container, or to have a disagreement that damages a relationship.

fall over oneself
B2

To be extremely eager or enthusiastic to do something, to the point of being almost clumsy about it.

fap off
C1

Vulgar internet slang meaning to masturbate.

fart off
C1

A rude dismissal meaning 'go away,' or to leave in a casual or dismissive manner. (Vulgar British slang)

fawn over
B2

To give someone excessive and often insincere praise and attention in order to gain their favour.

feed off
B2

To use something as a source of food, energy, or motivation, often in a way that suggests dependence or exploitation.

feel for
B1

To have sympathy or empathy for someone in a difficult situation, or to search for something by touch.

feel out
B2

To cautiously and indirectly explore someone's opinions, intentions, or the nature of a situation before committing.

feel up
B2

To touch someone's body in a sexual way without their consent. (Vulgar; describes sexual harassment or assault.)

fend off
B2

To defend yourself against an attack, a threat, or unwanted attention by pushing it away or deflecting it.

fess up
B1

To admit or confess to something, especially something you have done wrong or have been trying to hide.

fight it out
B2

To settle a disagreement, competition, or conflict by fighting or competing until one side wins.

find in
C1

To discover or perceive a quality, emotion, or resource within someone or something.

find it in oneself
C1

To discover within oneself the will, courage, generosity, or emotional capacity to do something difficult or unexpected.

finish with
B1

To no longer need or use something, to have completed a relationship or association, or to have nothing more to say or do regarding somethin

fink out
C1

To fail to honour a commitment or promise, especially by backing out at the last moment; or to inform on someone to an authority.

fit in
A2

To feel accepted as part of a group, or to find time or space for something.

fit into
A2

To go inside a space or category, or to match and belong within a group or system.

fix up
B1

To repair or renovate something; to arrange or organize something for someone; or to arrange for two people to meet romantically.

fizzle out
B2

To end or fail gradually and in a disappointing, unexciting way.

flake out
B2

To fall asleep or become suddenly exhausted; or (especially American) to cancel plans unreliably.

flash around
B2

To display something — especially money, wealth, or an item — ostentatiously and publicly to impress others.

flex off
C1

To boast or show off, often in a competitive or dismissive way (slang).

flex on
C1

To show off or boast at someone's expense, especially to demonstrate superiority over them.

flex out
C1

To display or show off one's muscles or physical strength; or more rarely, to leave a situation.

flock together
B2

For people or animals with shared qualities to gather or assemble together naturally.

fluff off
C1

To dismiss or send someone away rudely; also used as a softened expletive equivalent to 'go away'.

fob off
B2

To get rid of someone by giving them something inferior, or to dismiss someone with poor excuses.

foist off
C1

To force or trick someone into accepting something unwanted or inferior.

fool around
B1

To behave in a silly or irresponsible way, waste time, or engage in casual sexual activity.

fool with
B2

To handle, tamper with, or become involved with something or someone in a careless or risky way.

foster up
C1

To raise or care for a child (or animal) through the foster system until they are grown.

freak off
C1

To disgust or repel someone; or (rare slang) to behave in a wildly uninhibited or unusual way.

freeze out
B2

To deliberately exclude or ignore someone in order to make them feel unwanted or to force them out.

frig off
C1

A rude and vulgar way of telling someone to go away or leave you alone.

front off
C1

To confront someone aggressively or challenge them face-to-face, often in a threatening way.

front oneself off
C1

To present oneself in a bold, confident, or confrontational way, often projecting a tougher image than one truly has.

frown at
A2

To make a frowning facial expression directed at a person or thing, showing disapproval, confusion, or displeasure.

frown on
B1

To regard a behaviour, action, or practice with disapproval; to consider something socially or morally unacceptable.

frown upon
B1

To regard something with disapproval, often implying a social or moral judgment against it.

fuck around
B2

American vulgar slang for wasting time, behaving recklessly, or having casual sexual encounters.

fuck over
B2

Vulgar slang meaning to treat someone very unfairly, deceive them, or cause them serious harm, especially through betrayal.

fuck with
B2

Vulgar slang meaning to interfere with something, provoke or challenge someone, or deliberately confuse or deceive someone.

fujo out
C1

Niche internet/fandom slang meaning to enthusiastically engage with or react to Boys' Love (BL) manga, anime, or content in the manner of a

fujoshi out
C1

Niche internet/fandom slang meaning to react with intense enthusiasm to Boys' Love (BL) manga, anime, or media, as a self-identified fujoshi

fuss over
A2

To pay excessive and often unnecessary attention to someone or something, especially by trying to help or care for them in an over-the-top w

gaff off
C1

British slang meaning to inadvertently or deliberately reveal someone's secret, expose their deception, or 'blow someone's cover'.

gain over
C1

To persuade someone to support your side or adopt your views.

gang up
B1

To join together as a group, usually in opposition to someone.

gang up on
B1

For multiple people to join together to attack, criticise, or oppose a single person or group.

geg in
C1

Northern English and Scottish dialect for pushing oneself into a conversation, group, or queue without being invited.

get above oneself
C1

To have an unrealistically high opinion of oneself and behave as though one is more important than one really is.

get after
B1

To persistently nag or scold someone, or to begin pursuing someone or something.

get along
A2

To have a friendly relationship with someone, or to manage and make progress.

get back at
B1

To take revenge on someone who has harmed or wronged you.

get behind
B1

To support someone or something enthusiastically, or to fall behind schedule.

get between
B2

To position yourself between two people or things, or to interfere with a relationship.

get in on
B2

To become involved in something that others are already doing, especially when you want to share in its benefits.

get in with
B2

To gain the favour of or become part of a group, often with the suggestion of doing so for personal advantage.

get into
A2

To enter a place or vehicle, to be accepted somewhere, to begin to enjoy something, or to involve oneself in a situation.

get it on
B2

To have sex, or (less commonly) to start a fight or competitive activity.

get off with
B2

To escape serious punishment, or (British informal) to have a casual romantic or sexual encounter with someone.

get on
A2

To board a vehicle, have a good relationship with someone, or make progress with an activity.

get on at
B2

To repeatedly criticise, pressure, or nag someone about something.

get on with
A2

To have a friendly relationship with someone, or to continue or make progress with a task.

get one over on
B2

To succeed in deceiving, tricking, or gaining an advantage over someone.

get over on
C1

To deceive, trick, or successfully manipulate someone.

get over oneself
B2

To stop behaving in an arrogant, self-important, or overly dramatic way.

get round
B2

To find a way to avoid or deal with a problem or restriction, or to persuade someone.

get together
A2

To meet socially as a group, or to start a romantic relationship.

get up in
C1

(Slang) To intrude into someone's personal space or private business in an aggressive or unwelcome way.

get up into
C1

To move up into a higher or enclosed space, or (slang) to aggressively enter someone's personal domain.

get up to
B1

To be involved in an activity, especially one that is secret, mischievous, or surprising.

get with
B2

To become romantically or sexually involved with someone, or to understand and accept something.

give away
A2

To give something to someone for free, to reveal a secret unintentionally, or to escort a bride at a wedding.

give back
A2

To return something to the person it belongs to, or to contribute to a community as a way of expressing gratitude.

give it to someone
B2

To scold, punish, or criticize someone harshly, or to defeat someone convincingly.

give of oneself
C1

To give generously of one's own time, energy, emotions, or efforts for the benefit of others.

glam up
B2

To make oneself or something look more glamorous and attractive through clothing, makeup, or decoration.

glance away
B1

To quickly move one's eyes away from something, usually to avoid eye contact or because of discomfort.

glom on
C1

To attach oneself to someone or something in a clingy or opportunistic way.

glom onto
C1

To attach oneself persistently to a person, idea, or object, often without invitation.

glomb on
C1

A dialectal or regional variant of 'glom on,' meaning to grab onto something or someone, or to attach oneself persistently.

glomb onto
C1

A dialectal or regional variant of 'glom onto,' meaning to seize, grab, or attach oneself firmly to someone, something, or an idea.

glomp on
C1

To enthusiastically and suddenly hug or tackle someone in an overwhelming, affectionate way.

glomp onto
C1

To suddenly lunge at and cling to someone in an exuberant, affectionate tackle-hug.

glow up
B2

To undergo a striking improvement in appearance, confidence, or overall life quality, usually over time.

go against
B1

To oppose, contradict, or be in conflict with someone or something.

go along with
B1

To accept or agree with someone's plan, idea, or decision, sometimes without full conviction.

go around with
B2

To regularly spend time with a particular person or group of people socially.

go at it
B2

To fight, argue, or engage in an activity with great energy and intensity.

go back on
B2

To fail to honour a promise, agreement, or decision that was previously made.

go between
B2

To act as a messenger or intermediary between two parties who are not communicating directly.

go down on
C1

To perform oral sex on someone.

go for
A2

To choose, attempt, attack, or be attracted to something or someone.

go in on
B2

To share the cost of something with one or more other people.

go in with
B2

To join someone else as a partner in a shared plan, cost, or business.

go out
A2

To leave a place, to be extinguished, to be in a romantic relationship, or to be eliminated from a competition.

go round
B1

To move in a circular path, to visit someone casually, or to be sufficient for everyone.

go round with
B1

To regularly spend time socialising with a particular person or group of people.

go together
A2

To be compatible, complementary, or well-suited to each other; also, for two people to be in a romantic relationship.

go with
A2

To accompany someone, to choose a particular option, or for one thing to suit or complement another.

gob off
C1

To speak loudly, rudely, or boastfully, often without being asked for an opinion.

goof on
C1

To tease or make fun of someone in a playful way.

goon out
C1

To act in a stupid, aggressive, or oafish way; to behave like a goon.

grass on
C1

To inform on someone to an authority, especially the police, in a way considered disloyal or treacherous.

grass up
C1

To inform on someone to the police or another authority; a British slang synonym of 'grass on'.

grease it on
C1

To apply a greasy or oily substance smoothly onto a surface; informally, to use excessive charm or flattery in a slick way.

grow apart
B1

To gradually become less close to someone over time as your lives, interests, or values diverge.

grow away from
B2

To gradually become emotionally or ideologically distant from someone or something as you develop and change.

grow up
A2

To develop from a child into an adult; also used to tell someone to behave more maturely.

gun for
B2

To aggressively pursue, target, or seek to defeat or harm someone or something.

gussie up
C1

A variant form of 'gussy up': to dress or decorate something elaborately and showily.

gussy up
B2

To make someone, something, or oneself look more attractive, fancy, or impressive.

hackle up
C1

To become defensive, angry, or agitated, like an animal raising the hackles on the back of its neck.

hail from
B1

To originally come from or belong to a particular place.

ham it up
B2

To perform or behave in an exaggerated, overdramatic way for comic or theatrical effect.

ham up
B2

A shorter variant of 'ham it up': to perform or behave in an exaggerated or overdramatic way.

hand around
A2

To distribute or offer something to each person in a group by passing it from one to another.

hand away
B1

To give something to someone else, often permanently or freely.

hand back
A2

To return something to the person it belongs to or came from.

hand down
B1

To pass something from an older or higher source to a younger or lower one, or to officially deliver a judgement.

hand it out
A2

To distribute something to multiple people, used when the object is already understood from context.

hand it to
B1

To acknowledge and give credit to someone for something impressive they have done.

hand it to someone
B1

To give someone the recognition they deserve for doing something impressively well.

hand on
B1

To give something to the next person in a series, or to pass knowledge, tradition, or objects to others.

hand round
A2

To offer or pass something to each person in a group in turn.

hang about
A2

To stay in a place doing nothing, or to wait for someone; also used as an exclamation meaning 'wait a moment'.

hang around
A2

To spend time idly in a place or with people, or to wait for someone.

hang back
B1

To hesitate or be reluctant to move forward or participate, often due to shyness or uncertainty.

hang one on
C1

To get very drunk on a particular occasion.

hang out
A2

To spend relaxed, informal time with friends or in a place; also to display something by hanging it in the open air.

hang round
A2

To spend time in a place or with people without doing anything in particular. (British English variant of 'hang around'.)

hang together
B2

To be logically consistent and coherent, or to remain united as a group.

hang with
A2

To spend casual time with someone, or to keep up with someone's pace or ideas.

harp on
B1

To talk repeatedly and tediously about the same thing, especially a complaint or criticism.

hate on
A2

To direct strong dislike, criticism, or negativity toward a person or thing, often publicly.

have against
B1

To have a reason for disliking, opposing, or objecting to someone or something.

have down as
B2

To consider or mentally classify someone as being a particular type of person.

have in
B1

To invite or arrange for someone to come to your home or workplace, or to keep a supply of something.

have it away
C1

British slang meaning either to have sex with someone, or to steal something and escape.

have it in for
B2

To have a persistent hostile attitude toward someone and want to cause them trouble.

have it off
C1

British slang for having sex with someone.

have it out
B2

To have a direct and frank confrontation with someone in order to settle a dispute or misunderstanding.

have it out for
B2

Chiefly American variant of 'have it in for': to be persistently hostile or resentful toward someone.

have on
B1

To be wearing something; to have plans or commitments; or to trick or tease someone.

have over
B1

To invite someone to visit you at your home.

hear from
A2

To receive a letter, call, message, or other communication from someone.

hear out
B1

To listen to someone fully and completely, allowing them to finish what they are saying without interruption.

hell around
C1

To behave in a wild, reckless, or disreputable manner; to live or act without restraint.

help along
B2

To assist the progress of something or someone; to encourage or facilitate development.

help out
A2

To give assistance to someone who needs it, especially in a difficult situation.

hit back
B1

To respond to an attack or criticism with an equally strong counter-attack or response.

hit it off
B1

To immediately like each other and get along well from the very first meeting.

hit it up
C1

Informal/slang: to go to a place energetically; to contact or approach someone, often to ask for something.

hit off
B2

To imitate or mimic someone cleverly, or (in the fixed phrase 'hit it off') to immediately get along well with someone.

hit on
B1

To flirt with or make romantic advances toward someone, or to discover or think of something by chance.

hoard out
C1

An archaic or dialectal variant meaning to place someone (typically a child) in the care of another household for lodging.

hog up
B2

To take or use too much of something selfishly, leaving little for others.

hold against
B2

To continue to feel resentment or blame toward someone because of something they did in the past.

hold to
B2

To remain firm in a belief, promise, or standard, or to require someone else to do so

hold together
B1

To remain united, intact, or coherent, or to cause something to stay that way

hold up as
B2

To present someone or something as a model, ideal, or example for others to admire or follow

hold with
C1

To approve of or support a particular idea, practice, or belief, usually used in negative constructions

holla at
C1

To contact someone or get their attention, often with romantic intent or to start a conversation

holla back
C1

To respond to someone who has contacted or called out to you

holler at
B2

To call out to someone loudly or to contact them informally

holler back
B2

To respond or reply to someone who called out to you or contacted you

honey around
C1

To flatter or behave in an overly sweet, ingratiating way around someone, usually to gain favor

honey up
C1

To flatter someone excessively in order to win their favor or get something from them

honk off
C1

To annoy or irritate someone

hoof out
C1

To forcibly remove or eject someone from a place

hook it up
B1

To connect a device or system, or informally to provide someone with something they need or want

hook up
B1

To connect devices or systems; to meet and begin a relationship or casual encounter; or to provide someone with what they need

hoot down
C1

To silence or embarrass a speaker by making mocking noises, hooting, or jeering

hoot it up
C1

To have a loud, boisterous, and fun time; to celebrate noisily

hop on down to
B1

To go casually and without fuss to a nearby place, often used as a cheerful invitation.

horn in
B2

To intrude on a situation, conversation, or activity without being invited, often to gain an advantage.

horse about
B1

To play in a boisterous, rough, or silly manner, often when one should be doing something more serious.

horse around
B1

To play in a rough, boisterous, or silly way, typically when one should be doing something else.

howl down
B2

To silence a speaker by loudly booing, jeering, or shouting as a group.

huff off
B2

To leave a place in a bad-tempered or sulky manner because one is offended or annoyed.

hug it out
B1

To resolve a disagreement or emotional tension by hugging each other.

hulk off
C1

To walk away heavily and with evident anger or sullenness, like a large, powerful figure.

hush down
B1

To make someone or something quieter; to calm noise or commotion down.

hussy up
C1

To dress or present oneself in a bold, provocative, or sexually suggestive manner.

hutch up
C1

To squeeze or crowd into a small or confined space; to huddle together.

ice out
B2

To deliberately ignore or exclude someone from a social group or conversation as a form of rejection or punishment.

imprint on
B2

To leave a lasting mark, impression, or influence on something or someone; also used in biology to describe instinctive bonding.

inquire after
B2

To ask about someone's health, wellbeing, or current situation as a social courtesy.

interact with
B1

To communicate with, act upon, or have an effect on someone or something else.

irish up
C1

To stir up someone's temper or fighting spirit; to make someone angry or combative.

iron out
B2

To remove problems, disagreements, or rough parts so something works smoothly.

jag off
C1

A regional slang insult for an annoying, stupid, or unpleasant person.

jaw away
C1

To keep talking continuously, often for a long time.

jaw down
C1

To speak to someone in a superior, scolding, or condescending way.

jerk around
B2

To treat someone badly by wasting their time, confusing them, or not being sincere.

jerk over
C1

A very rare or nonstandard expression, sometimes used to mean mistreat or cheat someone.

jive around
C1

To talk nonsense, be deceptive, or waste time with idle chatter.

jock off
C1

An extremely rare and non-standard vulgar variant meaning to masturbate or to dismiss/annoy someone.

jog on
B2

Chiefly British slang for telling someone to go away, or literally to continue jogging.

join in
A2

To start participating in an activity that is already happening.

join out
C1

A non-standard or highly regional expression occasionally used to mean to stop participating or to connect outward.

join up
B1

To enlist in the armed forces, or to connect separate things or people together.

joke around
A2

To behave in a playful, humorous way; to make jokes and not be serious.

joke it up
B2

To joke or be funny in an exaggerated or enthusiastic way, often to entertain others.

jolly along
C1

To keep someone cheerful and motivated through encouragement, flattery, or gentle persuasion.

jump in
A2

To enter a conversation, activity, or situation suddenly and without much hesitation.

kak on
C1

South African slang meaning to speak badly of someone or to treat someone with contempt.

keep around
B1

To retain something or keep someone nearby, often out of habit or convenience.

keep away from
A2

To not go near, not associate with, or not get involved with someone or something.

keep in
B1

To prevent someone from leaving, to retain something, or to maintain contact with someone.

keep in with
B2

To maintain a good or friendly relationship with someone, often for personal advantage.

keep on about
B1

To repeatedly talk about the same subject, often in a way that others find annoying.

keep oneself to oneself
B2

To avoid socialising with others and to not share personal information; to live or behave in a private and self-contained way.

keep out of
B1

To avoid getting involved in a situation, or to prevent someone from entering or becoming involved in something.

keep to oneself
B1

To not share information, opinions, or feelings with others; or to behave in a private, unsociable way.

keep together
A2

To remain as a group without separating, or to maintain the unity of a group.

kick against
B2

To resist, protest, or struggle against something, especially rules, authority, or circumstances one cannot control.

kick around
B1

To discuss ideas casually; to wander without purpose; to treat someone badly; or to be lying around unused.

kick out
B1

To forcefully remove someone from a place, group, or position.

kick up
B2

To cause trouble, raise a protest, or create a noisy disturbance; also to raise dust or debris by kicking.

kick with
C1

In Australian and New Zealand informal English, to be associated with a group, or to be in a romantic relationship with someone.

kid around
B1

To joke, tease, or behave in a playful and light-hearted way.

kid on
B2

In Scottish and Northern Irish English, to pretend, or to try to make someone believe something that is not true.

kink on
C1

(Informal/slang) To have an unusual or specific attraction, fetish, or obsessive interest in something or someone.

kirk out
C1

To behave in an exaggerated, overly dramatic, or irrational way.

kiss off
B2

To dismiss someone rudely or to tell someone to go away in an insulting way.

kiss up
B1

To try to gain favor by being overly flattering or obedient.

kiss up to
B1

To flatter or behave obsequiously toward a specific person in order to gain their approval or favour.

kneel before
B1

To lower oneself onto one's knees in front of someone, as an act of respect, worship, or submission.

knit together
B2

To unite or join things or people closely and firmly, or for bones and wounds to heal and fuse.

knock about
B1

To spend time in a place without a specific purpose, or to treat someone roughly.

knock around
B1

To spend time in a place informally, to socialise casually, or to consider an idea roughly.

knock back
B1

To drink something quickly, to reject or discourage someone, or to cost a surprising amount of money.

knock round
B1

To spend time in a place or with someone informally, or to exist somewhere in a vague, unplanned way.

knock up
B1

A versatile phrasal verb with distinct British and North American meanings, including waking someone, making something quickly, or (informal

lair it up
C1

(Australian slang) To behave in a boastful, flashy, or showing-off manner; to act like a 'lair' (a vulgar show-off).

lair up
C1

(Australian slang) To dress in an ostentatiously flashy, garish, or vulgar manner.

large it up
C1

To party, celebrate, or show off in a very extravagant and showy way.

lark about
B2

To behave in a playful, silly, or carefree way, often when you should be doing something more serious.

lark around
B2

To behave in a silly, playful, and carefree manner, typically when one ought to be more serious.

latch on
B2

To attach yourself to a person or idea, or to suddenly understand something.

latch onto
B2

To attach oneself firmly to a person, idea, or opportunity, often with determination or persistence.

laugh at
A2

To express amusement at someone or something, or to ridicule and mock someone.

laugh away
B2

To dismiss or dispel something (worry, tension, a problem) by laughing; or to spend time laughing cheerfully.

laugh down
C1

To silence, dismiss, or humiliate someone or something by meeting them with laughter or ridicule.

laugh with
A2

To share laughter together with another person as part of a warm, mutual, or friendly exchange.

lay it on
B2

To exaggerate praise, flattery, or emotion beyond what is genuine or necessary.

lead on
B2

To deceive someone by giving them false hope or encouragement, especially in a romantic context.

lead out
B2

To guide or escort someone or something out of a place, or to lead a group forward out of a starting position.

lean on
B1

To depend on someone for support or help, especially emotionally, or to put pressure on someone to do something.

leap at
B1

To eagerly and enthusiastically accept an opportunity or offer.

leave it out
B2

To omit something, or (British slang) an exclamation telling someone to stop or expressing disbelief.

leave out
A2

To not include someone or something, either deliberately or accidentally.

leg around
C1

(British slang, vulgar) To have many casual sexual relationships.

leg over
C1

(British slang, vulgar) Usually in 'get a leg over': to have sex with someone.

leg up
B2

An act of helping someone climb up physically, or an advantage or helpful start given to someone.

let down
A2

To disappoint someone by failing to do what was expected, or to lower something gradually.

let in on
B1

To share a secret, plan, or private information with someone.

let on
B2

To reveal or admit something that you have been keeping secret, often unintentionally.

level with
B2

To speak honestly and directly with someone, especially about something difficult or previously avoided.

lez out
C1

Vulgar slang for acting in a stereotypically lesbian manner or engaging in same-sex activity between women.

lez up
C1

Vulgar slang meaning to adopt lesbian behaviour or identity, or for women to engage in same-sex activity.

lib out
C1

Informal slang meaning to express strong feminist or liberal political views, often used dismissively.

lick out
C1

To lick the inside of a container clean; also a vulgar slang term for performing oral sex on a woman.

lie with
C1

For a decision or responsibility to belong to a particular person; also an archaic or literary term for having sexual intercourse.

lighten up
B1

To become less serious, tense, or strict; to relax and have a more positive attitude.

line up behind
B2

To give one's support to a person, plan, or cause, especially in a group or organised way.

link up
B1

To connect or join together, whether physically, technologically, or in partnership.

lip off
B2

To speak rudely, impudently, or disrespectfully to someone, especially to a person in authority.

live down
B2

To escape the embarrassment or shame of a past mistake, usually after a long time.

live down to
C1

To confirm someone's low expectations by behaving as badly as they expected.

live for
B1

To regard something as the most important source of meaning or joy in your life.

live together
A2

To share the same home, especially as a romantic couple without being married.

live up to
B1

To succeed in matching the standard, expectations, or reputation that is expected of you or something

live with
B1

To share your home with someone, or to accept and continue to endure a difficult situation.

liven up
B1

To become or to make someone or something more lively, exciting, or energetic.

long for
B1

To feel a deep, emotional desire or yearning for something or someone, especially something absent or difficult to have.

look after
A2

To take care of someone or something, making sure they are safe and have everything they need.

look down on
B1

To regard someone or something as inferior, unimportant, or beneath you socially, morally, or intellectually.

look down upon
B1

To regard someone or something as inferior or beneath one's own standards — the formal or literary variant of 'look down on'.

look in
B2

To make a short, informal visit to a place or person, often to check on them.

look in on
B1

To make a brief visit to a person to check on their wellbeing or to see how they are doing.

look on as
B2

To consider or regard someone or something in a particular way or role.

look out for someone
B1

To watch over and protect someone, or to be alert so you can help them.

look past
B2

To consciously ignore or move beyond something, especially a flaw or obstacle.

look to
B2

To turn to someone or something for help, guidance, or as a source; or to direct one's attention to future plans.

look up to
B1

To admire and respect someone, often wanting to be like them.

look upon
B2

A more formal or literary way of saying 'regard' or 'consider' — to think of someone or something in a particular way.

loosen up
B1

To become more relaxed, less tense, or less inhibited, physically or socially.

lord it over
B2

To behave in an arrogantly superior way toward someone, making them feel inferior.

lord over
B2

To dominate or act in a superior, arrogant manner over others.

love away
C1

To remove or heal something (usually pain, sadness, or fear) through love and affection.

love on
B2

To shower someone with affection, hugs, and physical expressions of love.

love up
B2

To show intense physical affection toward someone; to smother someone with love.

lumber with
B2

To give someone an unwanted or difficult responsibility, task, or burden, often without their consent.

lump together
B2

To treat or categorize different people or things as a single group, usually ignoring their individual differences.

lunch out
B1

To eat lunch at a restaurant, café, or public eating establishment rather than at home or at one's desk.

lust after
B2

To have a very strong, often physical or passionate desire for someone or something.

macho up
C1

To act or present oneself in an exaggeratedly tough, masculine way; to perform or adopt stereotypically macho behavior.

mack down
C1

Slang: to flirt aggressively or attempt to seduce someone; to successfully use charm or smooth talk on a target of attraction.

mack on
C1

Slang: to flirt with someone confidently and skillfully, using charm and smooth talk to attract them romantically or sexually.

mack out
C1

Slang: to kiss passionately or engage in physical intimacy; related to 'make out' but rooted in AAVE slang.

make it up to
B1

To do something good for someone in order to compensate for a previous wrong, disappointment, or favour owed.

make out
B1

To see, hear, or understand something with difficulty; to claim something is true; to kiss and caress romantically; or to write a cheque/for

make out with
B1

To kiss and physically caress someone in a romantic or sexual way.

make over
B1

To completely transform the appearance or style of a person or place; or (formal/legal) to transfer ownership of property.

make up
A2

To invent a story or excuse; to reconcile after a quarrel; to constitute or form a whole; or to apply cosmetics.

make up for
B1

To compensate for something lost, missed, or done wrong by doing something positive

make up to
B2

To flatter or behave in an ingratiating way toward someone, usually to gain favour; or to reach a certain amount or level.

man up
B2

To demonstrate courage, emotional strength, or responsibility, especially when facing difficulty; often used as an imperative.

marginalize out
C1

To systematically exclude or push people or groups to the periphery of society, an organisation, or a process until they are effectively rem

marry in
C1

To marry someone from within one's own community, religion, or social group.

marry into
B2

To become part of a family, social class, or wealthy situation by marrying someone from it.

marry off
B2

To arrange or manage the marriage of someone, often a child, usually with the implication of eagerness or self-interest.

marry out
C1

To marry someone from outside one's own community, religion, or social group.

marry up
B2

To marry someone of higher social standing, or to join two things together so they correspond.

match up
B1

To correspond, agree, or be equal to something else; or to pair people or things together based on compatible qualities.

meet up
A2

To arrange to come together with someone in the same place, usually in an informal social context.

meme on
C1

To repeatedly mock, tease, or target someone by creating or sharing memes about them on the internet.

mess about
B1

To waste time, behave in a silly way, or treat someone carelessly.

mess around
B1

To waste time, behave in a playful or unfocused way, or treat someone without respect.

mess over
B2

To treat someone very badly, exploit them, or cause them serious harm through dishonesty.

mess with
B1

To interfere with something or someone, or to provoke and challenge a person.

micky off
C1

To mock, tease, or make fun of someone in a dismissive way.

mitten onto
C1

To grab, seize, or attach oneself tenaciously to something or someone.

mob up
C1

To gather together in a large group, often with aggressive or intimidating intent.

mock out
C1

To publicly ridicule or humiliate someone in a pointed and deliberate way.

monkey about
B1

To behave in a silly, playful, or irresponsible way.

monkey around
B1

To behave in a silly, playful, or irresponsible way; to waste time playing or fooling around.

mooch off
B2

To take advantage of someone's generosity by getting food, money, or accommodation from them without paying or contributing.

mother up
C1

To take on a nurturing, protective, or caretaking role, especially in a difficult or demanding situation.

mouth off
B2

To speak rudely, loudly, or disrespectfully; to say offensive or boastful things without appropriate restraint.

move in on
B2

To begin to take control of or encroach on something that belongs to or is associated with someone else; to approach someone or something in

move on
A2

To continue to the next stage, topic, or phase; or to leave behind a situation, relationship, or period of life and begin something new.

move over
A2

To shift to one side to make room, or to give up a position to someone else.

move with
B2

To adapt to or keep pace with changing times, trends, or a group.

muck about
B1

To behave in a silly, aimless, or time-wasting way, or to treat someone carelessly.

muck around
B1

To behave playfully or aimlessly, wasting time, or to treat someone without proper care.

muck in
B2

To join others and willingly share in work or unpleasant tasks without complaining.

mug off
C1

To disrespect, embarrass, or make a fool of someone, or to take advantage of someone's trust.

muscle in
B2

To force your way into a situation or activity to get a share of the benefits, especially by using power or threats.

naff off
C1

A British exclamation telling someone rudely to go away.

name after
A2

To give someone or something the same name as a person or thing, in their honour or memory.

name for
A2

To give someone or something the name of another person or place, especially as a tribute; predominantly American English.

nicen up
C1

Informal, chiefly British expression meaning to make something or someone more pleasant, attractive, or agreeable.

nod in
C1

To gesture with a nod for someone to enter a room or pass through.

nuke it out
C1

To fight, argue, or compete with full intensity, with the implication of mutually destructive force.

offer up
B1

To present, suggest, or give something, often willingly or as a sacrifice or contribution.

one up
B2

To gain an advantage over someone by doing something slightly better or more impressive than them.

open up
A2

To open something (a door, shop, conversation) or to begin sharing one's thoughts and feelings more freely.

order about
B1

To give someone a series of commands in a domineering or disrespectful way.

order around
B1

To give someone repeated commands in a domineering and disrespectful way.

own up
B1

To admit honestly that you have done something wrong, even though it is difficult.

pack off
B1

To send someone somewhere, often quickly and with a sense of dismissal or urgency.

pack out
B2

To fill a venue completely with people; to be attended by a capacity crowd.

pair off
B1

To form pairs, especially for romantic purposes or as part of a group activity.

pair up
A2

To form a group of two with another person for a shared purpose.

pal around
B1

To spend time with someone as a close friend, especially in a casual, sociable way.

pal up
B1

To become close friends with someone, especially quickly or unexpectedly.

palm out
C1

To extend the hand with the palm facing outward, as a gesture.

paper over
B2

To hide or conceal a problem, disagreement, or mistake with a superficial solution.

partner up
A2

To join with one other person to form a pair or team, especially for a task or activity.

party down
B1

To celebrate enthusiastically, dance freely, and have a great time at a party or social event.

party on
B1

To continue partying or celebrating, or to encourage others to keep the festive spirit going.

party up
B2

In online gaming, to join or form a group of players who will play together as a team.

pass along
A2

To forward or transmit something, such as a message, object, or information, to another person.

pass around
A2

To distribute something among a group of people by giving it from one person to the next.

pass as
B2

To be accepted or mistaken for something or someone different from what one actually is.

pass away
A2

A gentle, respectful way of saying that someone has died.

pass down
B1

To transfer knowledge, traditions, possessions, or characteristics from an older generation to a younger one.

pass for
B2

To be convincingly accepted or mistaken for something or someone that one is not.

pass off as
B2

To deliberately present something or someone as something it is not, in order to deceive others.

pass on
B1

To transmit something to another person, to decline an offer, or (as a euphemism) to die.

pass oneself off as
B2

To deliberately pretend to be a different type of person or to have a different identity in order to deceive others.

pass round
A2

To distribute something among a group by giving it from one person to the next in turn.

patch over
B2

To attempt to repair or conceal a problem, conflict, or flaw with a temporary or superficial solution rather than addressing the root cause.

patch up
B2

to repair something damaged or to restore peace after a disagreement

paw off
C1

to push something away from oneself or make someone else take it

pawn off
C1

to get rid of something by making someone else accept it, often unfairly

peace out
B2

to say goodbye in a relaxed, slangy way, or to leave

pick on
A2

To repeatedly treat someone in an unkind or unfair way; to bully or persistently target someone.

pick up on
B2

To notice or become aware of something subtle, such as a clue, a feeling, or a social signal.

pie off
C1

to reject, dismiss, or brush someone off rudely

pig off
C1

to go away; used as a rude dismissal in very rare dialectal or informal use

pile on
B2

to add a lot more of something, or to join in attacking or criticizing

pine away
C1

to become sad and weak because you miss someone or strongly desire something

pipe down
B1

to become quieter or to tell someone to stop making noise

pipe off
C1

to stop talking or go away; a very rare informal expression

pipe up
B2

to begin speaking, especially suddenly or after being silent

piss on
C1

To treat someone or something with total contempt or disregard.

piss up
B2

A heavy drinking session; or (less commonly) to ruin or spoil something.

pitch in
B1

To join in and help with a task or contribute to a shared effort.

play along
B1

To cooperate with someone's plan or pretence, often while not fully believing it; to pretend to agree in order to avoid conflict or to decei

play around
B1

To spend time doing things in a playful or experimental way; also to be sexually unfaithful to a partner.

play away
B2

To play a sports match at the opponent's ground; or to be sexually unfaithful to a partner.

play off
B2

To pit two sides against each other, exploit a contrast between things, or compete in a deciding match.

play on
B2

To continue playing, or to exploit someone's emotions, fears, or weaknesses.

play up to
B2

To flatter or behave in an ingratiating way toward someone, especially to gain their approval or favor.

poker up
C1

(Non-standard, very rare) To become stiff, rigid, or prim in posture or manner

poon up
C1

A rare, dialectal phrasal verb meaning to equip oneself or to dress up smartly.

pop for
C1

To pay for something, especially as a treat for others.

pop in
B1

To make a brief, often unplanned visit to a person or place.

pour one out
B2

To pour a small amount of a drink onto the ground as a gesture of respect or remembrance for someone who has died.

poz up
C1

Slang, primarily within certain LGBTQ+ online communities, meaning to become HIV-positive.

prat about
B2

British informal: to behave in a silly or time-wasting way, often making a fool of oneself.

prat around
B2

British informal: to act in a foolish, silly, or unproductive way.

prevail upon
C1

To successfully persuade or convince someone to do something, especially something they were reluctant to do.

prey upon
C1

to target and exploit someone or something vulnerable

primp up
B2

to make yourself look more attractive by grooming carefully

prink up
C1

to make yourself look neat or attractive, especially in an old-fashioned way

priss around
C1

to behave in a fussy, affected, or overly delicate way

pucker up
B1

to press your lips together in a shape for kissing

pull aside
B1

to move someone to one side, often to speak privately

pull away
B1

to move away from something or become more distant

pull for
B1

To support or hope for someone's success, especially when the outcome is uncertain.

pull one over
B2

To successfully deceive or trick someone.

pull together
B1

To work cooperatively as a group, especially under pressure, or to assemble various elements into a whole.

pull up on
B2

To challenge, correct, or reprimand someone specifically about a particular error or behaviour.

punch down
B2

To direct criticism, mockery, or attacks toward people or groups who have less power or status than oneself.

push about
B2

To treat someone in a bossy or bullying way, telling them what to do or intimidating them.

push around
B1

To bully or treat someone in a domineering way, telling them what to do and giving them no respect.

push away
B1

To physically move someone or something away, or to emotionally reject or distance oneself from someone.

push in
B1

To force your way into a queue, space, or situation ahead of others, often rudely.

push off
B1

To tell someone rudely to go away, or to move away from a place; also used in boating to leave a dock.

push past
A2

To move past someone or something using physical force, often rudely.

push up on
C1

Chiefly African American Vernacular English (AAVE): to flirt with or make romantic or sexual advances toward someone.

put down as
B2

To regard or categorise someone or something in a particular way, often based on a first impression.

put in with
C1

To contribute to a group effort or join with others in a shared arrangement.

put it about
B2

To spread information, gossip, or rumors widely; or (of a person) to be sexually promiscuous.

put it past
B2

Used in negative constructions to say that you believe someone is capable of a particular (usually negative) action.

put oneself about
C1

To make oneself known in social or professional circles; or to be sexually promiscuous.

put oneself out
B2

To make a special effort or accept personal inconvenience in order to help someone.

put past
B2

Used in negative constructions to indicate that you believe someone is capable of doing something unexpected or bad.

put round
B2

To spread a piece of information, a rumor, or a message among a group of people; also to circulate something physical among a group.

put up on
C1

To deceive, cheat, or take advantage of someone (chiefly regional American English).

put up to
B2

To encourage, persuade, or pressure someone into doing something, usually something naughty or wrong.

put up with
A2

To tolerate or accept something unpleasant, annoying, or difficult without complaining strongly.

quarrel out
C1

To settle a dispute or disagreement by arguing it through to a conclusion.

quarrel with
B1

To have an angry argument or serious disagreement with someone, or to find fault with something.

queen out
C1

In LGBTQ+ and drag slang, to express oneself in an exaggeratedly dramatic, flamboyant, or 'queenly' way.

quiet down
A2

To become quieter, or to cause someone or something to make less noise.

quieten down
A2

To become less noisy or active, or to cause someone or something to be quieter. The British English equivalent of 'quiet down.'

rabbit on
B2

To talk at length in a tedious, rambling, or trivial way, often without getting to the point.

rack off
C1

Australian slang: a rude command telling someone to go away or to stop bothering you.

rag off
C1

To clean or wipe something by using a rag; or, rarely, a variant of 'rag on' meaning to tease or berate someone.

rag on
B2

To tease, mock, or criticize someone repeatedly in a playful or nagging way.

rag out
C1

To dress someone up in elaborate or fine clothing; or informally, to scold or reprimand someone sharply.

raise up
B1

To lift something or someone physically, or to elevate someone's position, spirit, or status.

rake together
B2

To gather things (especially money or people) with difficulty from various sources.

rally around
B1

To come together to support someone who is in difficulty or facing a challenge.

rally behind
B1

To unite as a group in support of a leader, cause, or idea.

rally round
B1

To come together to help or support someone who is in trouble or facing difficulty.

rark up
C1

To annoy, provoke, or reprimand someone; a New Zealand and Australian English colloquialism.

rat on
B1

To secretly inform on someone to an authority, especially betraying a friend or associate.

rat out
B1

To inform on or betray someone to an authority, typically breaking loyalty.

rattle on
B1

To talk continuously for a long time, often in an irritating or tiresome way.

raunch out
C1

To become sexually explicit, crude, or to introduce raunchy content into something.

reach out
A2

To extend your arm to touch something, or to make contact with someone, especially for help or connection.

read into
B2

To find or assume a hidden or deeper meaning in something, sometimes beyond what was actually intended.

ream out
C1

To scold or criticise someone severely and angrily, often in a humiliating way.

reason with
B1

To try to persuade someone to think or behave rationally by presenting calm, logical arguments.

reckon upon
C1

to expect or depend on someone or something

rely on
B1

to need or trust someone or something for help, support, or success

rely upon
B2

to depend on or trust someone or something

revolve around
B1

To have something as the central focus or main concern.

ride for
B2

To show strong loyalty or support for someone or something; also to head toward a destination on horseback.

ride with
B1

To travel in the same vehicle as someone; to be associated or aligned with a person or group; or to accept and go along with something.

ring round
B1

To phone several different people one after another, usually to find information or spread news.

rip on
C1

To mock, tease, or criticise someone in an ongoing or repeated way, often in a joking but sometimes hurtful manner.

rizz up
C1

To attract someone romantically using natural charm and charisma; to charm or seduce someone effortlessly.

roar on
B2

To encourage someone loudly and enthusiastically, especially a crowd cheering for a team or performer.

rock up
B1

To arrive somewhere, especially casually or without prior warning.

roll in
B1

To arrive in large quantities or with ease, or to arrive casually and often late.

roll up
B1

To wrap or curl something into a cylindrical shape; to arrive somewhere (informally); or to gather at a place.

roll up on
C1

To approach or arrive at a person or place, typically in a vehicle or with a bold, confident manner.

roll with
B2

To adapt to a situation, accept changes, and continue without being thrown off course.

room in
B2

To accommodate someone by sharing a room or living space with them, or to keep a newborn baby in the same room as its mother.

root for
A2

To support and want someone or something to succeed, especially in a competition or difficult situation.

rope in
B2

To persuade or pressure someone to join in or help with something, often when they are reluctant.

rope into
B2

To persuade or trick someone into doing something they did not originally intend to do.

round on
B2

To turn suddenly and attack or criticise someone sharply, often unexpectedly.

round upon
C1

An archaic or literary variant of 'round on': to suddenly turn and attack or criticise someone sharply.

rub along
B2

To manage to have a reasonably harmonious relationship or cope adequately, without great enthusiasm.

rub it in
B1

To keep reminding someone of an unpleasant mistake, failure, or embarrassment, causing further distress.

rub off on
B1

Of a quality, habit, or attitude: to be gradually and unconsciously transferred from one person to another through close contact.

rub up against
C1

to come into close contact with someone, something, or a difficult reality, often causing friction

run about with
C1

to spend a lot of time going from place to place with someone

run across
B1

to find or meet something or someone by chance

run after
B1

to chase someone or something, or to spend a lot of effort trying to please or get them

run around after
B2

to spend a lot of time hurrying about to take care of someone

run around with
B2

to spend a lot of time socially with someone, often in a way others may judge

run away
A2

to leave a place quickly, often because of fear or to escape; also to leave home secretly

run away together
B2

to leave secretly with another person, especially for love or adventure

run in with
B2

To have a conflict, argument, or confrontation with someone, especially a person in authority

run into
B1

To meet someone by chance, to collide with something, or to encounter a problem

run off on
C1

(Dialectal/informal) For a quality, habit, or attitude to transfer or spread from one person to another

run off with
B2

To leave secretly with a person (often a romantic partner) or to steal something and escape with it

run one on
C1

(Slang) To trick or deceive someone; to pull a scam or con on someone

run out on
B2

To suddenly abandon someone who is depending on you, especially in a cowardly or irresponsible way

run to
B2

To reach a particular amount or size, to go to someone for help or comfort, or to be able to afford something

run up in it
C1

(Slang, AAVE) To rush aggressively or boldly into a situation, place, or confrontation

run up on
C1

(Slang, AAVE) To approach someone suddenly and aggressively, often to confront or attack them

saddle with
B2

To impose an unwanted burden, responsibility, or problem on someone.

scare away
A2

To cause a person or animal to leave by frightening them.

scare into
B1

To use fear or threats to make someone do something against their will.

scare off
A2

To deter or cause someone or something to leave by frightening them.

scooch over
A2

To move a short distance to one side, usually while seated, to make room for someone else.

scoot over
A2

To move a short distance to one side, especially when seated, to make space.

screw about
B2

To waste time, behave irresponsibly, or treat someone in an inconsiderate manner. (British English variant of 'screw around'.)

screw around
B2

To waste time behaving irresponsibly, to be sexually unfaithful, or to tamper with something carelessly.

screw over
B2

To treat someone very unfairly or dishonestly, causing them significant harm or disadvantage.

screw with
B2

To interfere with, tamper with, or deliberately confuse or harm someone or something.

scrum up
C1

To form or gather into a tight group, often urgently, borrowed from rugby's 'scrum' formation

seat down
B2

To cause someone to take a seat, or to lower oneself into a seated position

seat out
C1

To not participate in an activity or event, remaining on the sidelines; a rare variant of 'sit out'

see after
B1

To take care of or attend to someone or something (chiefly British and Irish dialectal variant of 'look after')

see in
B1

To perceive or recognise a particular quality or value in a person or thing.

see into
B2

To look inside a space, or to understand someone's hidden thoughts, feelings, or motives.

see off
B1

To go to a station, airport, or other departure point to say goodbye to someone who is leaving; also, to defeat or get rid of a threat.

see past
B2

To look beyond or ignore a negative quality or obstacle in order to perceive something more important.

sell out
B1

To sell all available stock or tickets; to betray one's principles or allies for personal gain.

send away
A2

To tell someone to leave or to dispatch someone or something to a distant place.

settle down
B1

To become calm, or to begin living a stable domestic life.

settle up
B1

To pay what you owe, especially to divide a shared bill or clear a debt with someone.

shack up
B2

To start living with a romantic or sexual partner without being married, or to stay temporarily in a makeshift place.

shake on it
B1

To confirm or seal an agreement by shaking hands with the other party.

share in
B1

To participate in or experience something together with other people, including both positive things (success, joy) and negative ones (respo

share out
B1

To divide something into portions and give each person their fair share.

share up
C1

Not a widely established standard phrasal verb; occasionally used informally to mean dividing or distributing something.

shine on
B1

To continue shining or to direct light onto something; figuratively, to continue to excel or be positive; in slang, to ignore or dismiss som

shine up
B2

To polish or clean something until it is bright and shiny; or (informal) to curry favour with someone by flattery.

shit off
C1

(Vulgar) To go away, or to strongly annoy or irritate someone.

shit on
B2

(Vulgar) To treat someone with extreme disrespect, contempt, or cruelty; to behave very badly toward someone.

shit upon
C1

(Vulgar) The more formal-sounding variant of 'shit on'; to treat someone with extreme contempt, cruelty, or disrespect.

shit with
C1

A vulgar expression meaning to deceive, disrespect, or treat someone poorly

shoo away
B1

To make a person, animal, or annoyance go away by gesturing or making sounds

shoo off
B1

To make a person or animal go away with gestures or sounds

should on
C1

To impose unrealistic obligations or rules on yourself or others using 'should' thinking, creating unnecessary guilt or pressure

shout out
A2

To call out loudly to someone, or to give a public mention or acknowledgement of appreciation

shove about
B1

To push or handle someone or something roughly and without care; to treat a person in a bullying or dismissive way

shove around
B1

To treat someone in a bullying or disrespectful way, or to push them roughly

shove over
A2

To move to one side to make room, or to push something across to someone

shove up
A2

To move along or closer together to make space for another person

show around
A2

To guide someone through a place, pointing out features of interest.

show in
B1

To escort a visitor inside a building or room, especially in a formal or professional setting.

show off
A2

To display something or someone proudly, often in a way designed to impress others.

show out
B2

To escort a visitor or guest out of a building or room, guiding them to the exit.

show round
A2

To guide someone through a place, showing them points of interest — the British English equivalent of 'show around'.

show up
A2

To arrive or appear somewhere, often unexpectedly or after a delay; also to make something visible or to embarrass someone.

shower with
B1

To give someone a great deal of something, especially as an expression of affection or praise.

shrink away
B2

To move away from someone or something out of fear or disgust, or to gradually disappear or diminish.

shrink back
B2

To move backward involuntarily out of fear, shock, or reluctance; to hesitate or avoid doing something.

shut away
B2

To isolate a person or thing by keeping them in a closed or separate place, away from others.

shut off
A2

To stop the flow or supply of something by closing a valve or switch; to isolate oneself or something from outside contact.

shut out
B1

To prevent someone from entering or being included; to block something from one's mind; in sport, to prevent the opposition from scoring.

shy away
B2

To move or draw back nervously; to avoid something out of fear or reluctance.

shy away from
B2

To deliberately avoid something because of fear, reluctance, or lack of confidence.

side against
B2

To join or support the opposition against a particular person or group in a conflict or dispute.

side with
B1

To support or agree with a particular person or group in a disagreement or conflict.

simper out
C1

To say something in an excessively sweet, coy, or silly manner.

single out
B2

To choose or identify one person or thing from a group for special attention, treatment, or criticism.

sit by
B2

to remain passive and do nothing while something happens

sit in
B2

to take part in a sit-in protest, remain at home, or join an activity informally

sit in with
C1

to join a group temporarily in an activity, especially music or broadcasting

sit up with
B2

to stay awake late at night with someone, especially to care for them

sit with
B1

to sit together with someone, remain in the mind, or feel acceptable to someone

size up
B2

to quickly judge or assess someone or something

skank up
C1

to make someone or something look cheap, trashy, or sexually provocative

skeeve out
C1

to make someone feel disgusted or deeply uncomfortable

skeeze out
C1

to disgust or repel someone; to make someone feel creeped out

slag off
B2

To criticize or say rude, unkind things about someone or something, usually behind their back.

slam out
C1

To leave a place angrily, slamming the door behind you.

slap around
B2

To hit someone or something repeatedly with open-handed blows; to treat someone roughly or without respect.

slap someone around
B2

To hit a person repeatedly with open-handed blows, or to treat someone roughly and abusively.

sleep around
B2

To have casual sexual relationships with many different people.

sleep in with
C1

A rare or dialectal variant meaning to oversleep alongside someone, or to stay sleeping in the same place as another person.

sleep over
A2

To spend the night at someone else's home as a guest.

sleep together
B1

To have a sexual relationship or to have sex with each other.

sleep with
B1

To have sex with someone, or (literally) to share a bed with someone.

slick up
B2

To make oneself or something look polished, neat, and well-groomed, often excessively so.

sling off
B2

To remove something quickly and carelessly by flinging it, or (Australian English) to mock or make fun of someone.

slug it out
B2

To engage in a prolonged, hard-fought physical or figurative contest or argument

slut it up
C1

To dress or behave in a sexually provocative or overtly seductive manner.

smack around
B1

To hit someone repeatedly, or to treat someone in a rough or domineering way.

smart off
B2

To make a rude, sarcastic, or disrespectful remark, especially to someone in authority.

smarten up
B1

To improve one's appearance, behaviour, or performance to a smarter or higher standard.

smoke around
B1

To smoke cigarettes or other substances in the presence of others or in a shared space.

smooth away
B2

To remove or eliminate something unpleasant, such as difficulties, wrinkles, or worries, making it disappear.

smooth over
B2

To make a problem, disagreement, or awkward situation seem less serious, often through tactful behaviour.

snap at
B1

To try to bite someone or something with a quick movement; or to speak to someone irritably and sharply.

sneak around
B1

To move or behave secretly, often to hide something from others.

sneak in
A2

To enter a place quietly and secretly, especially without permission.

sneak out
A2

To leave a place secretly, especially without permission or without being seen.

sneak up
A2

To approach someone quietly and without warning so as to surprise them.

snoop around
B1

To look through someone's private things or a private place in a secretive and intrusive way.

snootle around
C1

A rare, informal expression meaning to move around nosily or fussily, searching or prying in a restless way.

snuggle up
A2

To settle into a warm, comfortable position close to someone or something.

sod off
B1

A rude British English expression telling someone to go away or expressing dismissal.

soften up
B2

To make someone more receptive, agreeable, or emotionally open; or to weaken resistance before a main attack or negotiation.

sound out
B2

To discreetly investigate someone's opinions, intentions, or availability before making a decision or proposal.

sour on
B2

To become disillusioned with, bitter about, or negative towards something or someone.

spark up
C1

to light a cigarette or suddenly begin something lively such as a conversation

speak down to
B2

to speak to someone in a patronizing way as if they are less intelligent

speak for
B2

to represent someone, express support for something, or suggest that something shows a particular quality

speak for oneself
B2

to express your own opinions rather than letting others do it for you

speak up
A2

to speak more loudly or to express your opinion more clearly

sperg out
C1

an offensive slang term meaning to become intensely fixated, socially awkward, or overreactive

spice up
B1

to make something more interesting, exciting, or flavorful

spiff up
B2

to make someone or something look smarter, cleaner, or more attractive

spit on
B1

To expel saliva onto someone or something, literally or as an expression of deep contempt

split up
B1

To end a romantic relationship, or to divide a group into smaller parts

spout off
B2

To speak at length about something in a loud, opinionated, and often tedious or ill-informed way

spring for
B2

To agree to pay for something, especially as a treat or unexpected generous gesture

spunk off
C1

A vulgar British slang term used to tell someone to go away, or referring to a sexual act

spy on
B1

To secretly watch or gather information about a person or group

square around
C1

To turn to face someone, especially in a confrontational or challenging way

squeeze up
B1

To move closer together to make room for someone else, especially on a seat

stand apart
B2

To be clearly different or separate from others in a notable way.

stand aside
B1

To move to the side to allow passage, or to withdraw from a role or situation.

stand behind
B1

To support or endorse a person, decision, or action.

stand between
B2

To act as a barrier or obstacle between a person and something they want or need.

stand by
B1

To remain loyal to someone, to keep a promise, or to be ready to act when needed.

stand off
B2

To keep at a distance from someone or something, or to result in a deadlock between opposing forces.

stand out
B1

To be clearly noticeable or more impressive than others.

stand together
B1

To be united in purpose, opinion, or action, especially during a challenge.

stand up
A2

To rise to a vertical position, to withstand scrutiny, or to fail to meet someone as planned.

stand up against
B2

To oppose or resist something harmful, unjust, or wrong.

stand up for
B1

To defend or support a person, principle, or belief, especially when they are being criticized or attacked.

stand up to
B2

To confront someone who has power or authority over you without backing down, or to remain undamaged under difficult conditions.

stand up with
C1

To serve as a best man, maid of honor, or wedding attendant for a bride or groom.

stand with
B2

To show solidarity with or support for a person, group, or cause.

stare down
B2

To look at someone with a fixed, intense gaze until they look away or back down, or to face a threat with bravery.

start on at
B2

To begin nagging, criticizing, or persistently complaining to someone

start up on
B2

To begin criticizing, lecturing, or nagging someone about something

stay away
A2

To not go near a place or person; to keep one's distance

stay in
A2

To remain at home or inside, rather than going out

stay out
A2

To remain outside or away from home; also to not become involved in something

stay over
A2

To spend the night at someone else's home or at a different location than one's own home

stay together
A2

To remain as a couple, family, group, or unit without separating

steal away
B2

To leave a place quietly and secretly, without being noticed

step aside
B1

To move to one side to make room, or to give up a role or position so someone else can take it.

step between
B2

To place oneself physically or figuratively between two people or groups, especially to prevent conflict.

step in
B1

To become involved in a situation, especially to help, intervene, or take someone's place.

step in it
B2

To accidentally get into trouble, do something embarrassing, or make a social blunder.

step on
A2

To place your foot on something, or (figuratively) to treat someone with disrespect or cruelty.

step out
B1

To leave a place briefly, to go out socially, or (dated) to have a romantic relationship.

step to
C1

(Slang) To confront or challenge someone aggressively, or to approach someone with hostile intent.

step up
B1

To take on more responsibility, improve your efforts, or come forward to do something when needed.

stick around
B1

To remain in a place or situation, especially to wait or to continue being present.

stick by
B2

To remain loyal to a person or to continue supporting a decision, even when things are difficult.

stick it to
B2

To treat someone harshly, punish them, or get revenge on them; sometimes used positively for decisively defeating or defying someone.

stick one on
C1

(British informal) To hit someone, usually with the fist.

stick together
B1

To remain united and support each other, or to be physically joined by adhesive.

stick up for
B1

To defend or support someone who is being criticized or treated unfairly.

stick with
B1

To continue with something or remain loyal to someone or a choice.

stinge out
C1

Informal/slang term meaning to be stingy, to refuse to spend money or share generously.

stomp on
B1

To bring the foot down heavily and forcefully on something, or to suppress or dominate someone aggressively.

stop by
A2

To make a brief, informal visit to a place or person.

stop in
A2

To make a brief visit somewhere, or to stay at home instead of going out (British English).

stop into
A2

To make a brief, casual visit to a specific place.

stop out
B2

(British English) To stay out of the house, especially late at night; also used in printing to mean masking part of a surface.

straighten out
B1

To resolve a confused situation, correct a misunderstanding, or improve someone's behavior.

strike up
B1

To begin playing music, or to suddenly start a conversation, friendship, or relationship.

string along
B2

To deceive someone by maintaining false hope, or to accompany someone informally.

style it out
B2

To handle an embarrassing or awkward situation by acting as if it was intentional or completely fine.

suck off
C1

To remove something from a surface using suction; also a vulgar slang term for oral sex.

suck up
B1

To ingratiate oneself with someone in authority through flattery; or to absorb a liquid or substance.

sull up
C1

To become sullen, sulky, or stubbornly uncooperative; to pout or withdraw in a bad-tempered way.

swag it out
C1

To handle or endure a challenging situation with cool, effortless confidence and style.

swag it up
C1

To significantly increase or maximize one's style, confidence, and swagger; to turn up the coolness of one's appearance or attitude.

swag out
C1

To dress in a very stylish, fashionable, or impressive way; to display one's swagger fully through appearance and attitude.

swag up
C1

To increase or enhance one's swagger, style, and cool factor; to make oneself or something more impressive and stylish.

swear at
A2

To direct offensive, rude, or profane language at someone, usually out of anger or frustration.

swear down
C1

British urban slang meaning to insist very emphatically that something is true; to swear that one is telling the truth.

swear on
B1

To make a solemn oath by invoking something sacred or deeply valued as a guarantee of truth.

swear upon
B2

A more formal or literary variant of 'swear on,' used to invoke something sacred or precious as the foundation of a solemn promise.

sweep in
B2

To enter a place in a grand, confident, or dramatic way, or (of forces) to arrive rapidly and take over.

sweeten up
B2

To make a person more willing, happy, or cooperative, often by being kind or offering something attractive; also to make an offer or deal mo

tag along
B1

To accompany someone or a group informally, often without a specific invitation

take aback
B2

To surprise or shock someone, leaving them momentarily unable to respond

take after
A2

To resemble a parent or older relative in appearance, personality, or behavior

take against
B2

To develop a dislike or negative feeling toward someone, often without strong reason

take care of
A2

To be responsible for someone or something by protecting, managing, or attending to their needs.

take for
B2

To believe or assume someone or something is a particular type of person or thing, often mistakenly

take it out on
B1

To unfairly direct your anger, frustration, or stress at someone who is not responsible for it.

take one up
B2

To accept an offer, invitation, or bet that someone has proposed.

take out
A2

To remove something from a place, take someone on a date, obtain something officially, or destroy a target.

take out on
B1

To unfairly direct your anger, frustration, or stress at someone who is not responsible for causing those feelings.

take someone out back
C1

To take someone to a private location, implying a confrontation, punishment, or serious and secret conversation.

take to
B1

To naturally develop a liking for someone or something, or to begin doing something as a habit.

take under
B2

Short for 'take under one's wing' — to guide, protect, or mentor someone less experienced.

take up
B1

To begin a new hobby or activity, occupy space or time, shorten a garment, or accept an offer.

take up for
B2

To defend or support someone who is being criticized or mistreated.

take up with
C1

To begin associating with someone (often disapprovingly), or to raise a matter with the appropriate person.

talk about
A2

To discuss a topic, or (as a fixed exclamation) to emphasize a striking example of something.

talk at
B2

To speak to someone in a one-sided way, without listening or allowing them to respond.

talk back
B1

To respond rudely or disrespectfully to someone in authority, such as a parent or teacher.

talk down to
B1

To speak to someone as though they are less intelligent or important than you, in a condescending way.

talk into
B1

To persuade someone to do something through conversation.

talk out of
B1

To persuade someone not to do something through conversation.

talk over
B1

To discuss something carefully with someone, or to speak at the same time as someone else, drowning out their voice.

talk round
B2

To persuade someone to agree with you, or to discuss a topic without addressing it directly.

talk to
A2

To speak to or have a conversation with someone, or to reprimand someone.

tart up
B2

To make yourself or something look more attractive, often by adding decoration or makeup, with a suggestion of it being overdone or showy.

team up
A2

To join together with one or more other people to work toward a common goal.

team up with
A2

To form a partnership or working group with a specific person or organisation.

tear apart
B1

To destroy something completely, to cause great emotional pain, or to criticise harshly.

tell off
A2

To reprimand or scold someone sharply for doing something wrong.

tell on
A2

To report someone's bad behaviour to a person in authority, or to have a visible negative effect on someone.

thaw out
A2

To become unfrozen, or to cause something frozen to return to a normal temperature; also to become more relaxed and friendly.

think for oneself
B2

To form your own opinions and make your own decisions independently, without blindly following others.

think highly of
B2

To have a great deal of respect, admiration, or positive regard for someone or something.

throw in with
C1

To decide to join or align with a particular person or group, especially in a competitive or risky situation.

throw off on
C1

A chiefly Southern and Midwestern American dialectal expression meaning to speak disparagingly about someone or to insult them indirectly.

throw oneself at
B2

To make an obvious and sometimes shameless attempt to attract the romantic or sexual interest of someone; or to physically launch oneself to

throw oneself behind
C1

To give one's full and enthusiastic personal support to a cause, campaign, person, or effort.

throw over
C1

To abandon or desert someone, especially a romantic partner.

throw together
B1

To make or assemble something quickly and without much care, or to cause people to meet by chance.

throw up to
B2

To reproach someone by repeatedly reminding them of a past mistake or failing.

tiptoe around
B2

To move quietly on one's toes, or figuratively to avoid a sensitive subject or person very carefully so as not to cause upset.

tone down
B2

To make something less extreme, forceful, loud, or intense in colour, language, or behaviour.

toss in with
C1

To join or ally oneself with a person or group, often sharing their fate or fortunes.

touch up
B1

To make small improvements or repairs to the appearance of something, or informally to inappropriately touch someone.

toy with
B2

to think about something lightly, or to treat someone or something without serious intent

tread on
B1

to step on something, or to offend someone by treating them insensitively

tread upon
C1

To step on something physically, or to infringe on someone's rights, feelings, or territory.

trick off
C1

Slang term used in sex work contexts, meaning to perform a sex act for payment.

trifle with
B2

To treat someone or something without the seriousness or respect they deserve.

trip over oneself
B2

To be so eager or hurried to do something that you become clumsy or make mistakes in the process.

try it on
B2

British informal: to behave badly or attempt to deceive someone, especially to see if you can get away with it.

turn against
B1

To become hostile or disloyal toward someone or something one previously supported or liked.

turn away
B1

To refuse to allow someone in or to help them; to rotate so as to face away from something.

turn down
A2

To reduce the level of something (volume, heat, etc.); to refuse or reject an offer, request, or person.

turn in on oneself
C1

To become inwardly focused, withdrawn, or self-absorbed, often as a response to difficulty or anxiety.

turn off
A2

To stop a device or supply by using a switch or tap; to cause someone to lose interest or attraction; to leave a road by turning.

turn on
A2

To start a device by operating its switch; to suddenly attack or become hostile; to excite or arouse interest or desire.

turn to
B1

To seek help or comfort from someone, or to start doing something different.

turn upon
C1

A formal/literary variant of 'turn on': to suddenly attack or criticize someone, or to depend entirely on something.

turtle up
C1

To withdraw emotionally or socially, pulling back into a self-protective shell.

twat about
C1

British vulgar slang for wasting time or behaving foolishly and ineffectually.

twat around
C1

British/informal vulgar slang meaning to waste time, behave foolishly, or treat someone carelessly.

urge on
B2

To strongly encourage someone to keep going or to try harder.

usher in
B2

To formally or ceremonially introduce something significant, or to guide someone into a place.

vibe out
C1

To relax and fully enjoy a mood, atmosphere, or music without any particular goal.

vibe with
C1

To feel an intuitive sense of connection, compatibility, or agreement with someone or something.

vouch for
B2

To confirm or guarantee the honesty, quality, or truth of someone or something based on personal knowledge.

wait for
A2

To stay in a place or delay action until a person, event, or thing arrives or occurs.

wait on
B1

To serve someone (e.g., in a restaurant); or, in informal American English, to wait for someone or something.

wait up
A2

To delay going to bed in order to wait for someone; or to ask someone to slow down or pause so you can catch up.

wait upon
C1

To formally attend to or serve someone, especially in an official or deferential capacity; also, to formally visit someone.

walk away
B1

To leave a person, place, or situation, especially to disengage from something difficult or unpleasant.

walk away from
B1

To deliberately leave or abandon a person, situation, or commitment.

walk in on
B1

To accidentally enter a room and discover someone in a private, embarrassing, or unexpected situation.

walk on by
B2

To pass someone or something without stopping, especially when you could or should have helped.

walk out
B1

To leave a place suddenly, especially as a protest or strike, or to exit during something.

walk out on
B2

To abandon a person, relationship, or responsibility suddenly and without warning.

walk out with
C1

An old-fashioned or dialectal expression meaning to date or be romantically involved with someone.

walk over
B2

To treat someone with complete disrespect and dominance, or to move on foot to where someone is.

walk with
B1

To accompany someone on foot, or (figuratively) to live or act in accordance with a principle or deity.

wall off
C1

To separate one area from another by building a wall or barrier, or to emotionally cut oneself off from others.

want in
B2

To want to be included in a plan, deal, activity, or group.

want out
B2

To want to leave a situation, relationship, deal, or group.

wasp around
C1

To move around in an aggressive, irritating, or restlessly buzzing manner.

watch over
B1

To guard, protect, or supervise someone or something.

wave away
B1

To dismiss someone or something with a wave of the hand, or to reject an idea or comment without consideration.

weasel into
C1

To gain entry to a place, group, or situation by using sly, dishonest, or manipulative means.

weasel out
B2

To avoid a responsibility or commitment through cunning, dishonesty, or weak excuses.

weird out
B2

To make someone feel uncomfortable, unsettled, or disturbed because something seems strange.

weld together
B2

To join pieces of metal by melting them together, or to unite people or things into a strong, unified whole.

whack up
B2

To increase something, especially a price or level, by a large or sudden amount; or to divide and share something.

whisk away
B2

To take someone or something to another place quickly and smoothly, often before others can react.

whisk off
B2

To take someone or something away quickly and suddenly to another place.

whoop it up
B2

To celebrate loudly and enthusiastically, often with a boisterous, carefree atmosphere.

whore around
C1

To engage in sexual activity with many different partners in a casual or indiscriminate way. Highly offensive and derogatory.

whore out
C1

To exploit or use someone or something purely for financial gain, sacrificing integrity or principles; or literally to prostitute someone.

whore up
C1

To dress or present oneself in an overtly provocative or sexually explicit way. Highly offensive and derogatory.

wife up
C1

To make a woman one's wife or long-term committed partner; to decide to enter a serious committed relationship with a woman.

wiggle out of
B2

To avoid a responsibility, commitment, or difficult situation through clever or cunning manoeuvring.

wild out
C1

To behave in an uncontrolled, extremely energetic, or outrageous way — either in a fun, celebratory sense or in an aggressive, chaotic sense

wile out
C1

An alternative spelling of 'wild out'; to behave in a chaotic, energetic, or unrestrained way.

win around
B2

To persuade someone who was previously opposed or doubtful to support you or agree with you.

win back
B1

To regain something or someone that was previously lost.

win over
B1

To successfully persuade someone to support you, like you, or agree with your position.

win round
B2

To persuade someone who was previously reluctant or opposed to change their mind and support you.

wine up
C1

To supply someone generously with wine, or to become intoxicated from drinking wine.

wink at
B1

To close one eye briefly at someone as a signal or flirtatious gesture; or figuratively, to knowingly overlook or tolerate something imprope

wise off
B2

To make sarcastic, impertinent, or disrespectful remarks, especially to someone in authority.

woman up
B2

To show courage, resilience, or decisiveness, often used as a feminist riff on 'man up'.

word up
C1

An exclamation used to express agreement, affirmation, or to call for attention — rooted in hip-hop culture.

work together
A2

To combine effort with others to achieve a shared goal.

wrap around
B1

To fold, bend, or extend so as to cover or encircle something; to put one's arms or legs around someone or something.

wriggle out of
B2

To cleverly or dishonestly avoid a responsibility, task, or difficult situation.

wuss out
B2

To fail to do something because of fear or a lack of courage; to act in a cowardly or weak way.

yack on
B2

To talk at length in a noisy, trivial, or tedious way without saying anything important.

yak on
B2

To talk continuously and at length, especially in a tedious or trivial way.

yammer on
B2

To talk or complain at excessive length in a noisy, annoying, or whining way.

yank around
B2

To treat someone unfairly by misleading, manipulating, or wasting their time.

yarn on
C1

To tell stories or chat at length, often in an informal, anecdotal, or entertaining way.

yuck it up
B2

To laugh loudly, boisterously, or excessively, especially in a way that seems exaggerated or performative.

yuk it up
B2

To laugh loudly and boisterously, often in a deliberate or extended way.