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Communication

939 phrasal verbs in this topic

account for
B1

To explain something, to be responsible for it, or to represent a particular proportion of a total.

account of
C1

Used in fixed expressions such as 'on account of' (because of) or 'take account of' (to consider), rather than as a standalone phrasal verb.

act on
B1

To take action based on information, advice, or instructions received.

act upon
B2

A formal variant of 'act on': to take action based on information, advice, or a recommendation.

add up to
B1

To result in a particular total or to represent a particular meaning or significance.

air out
A2

To allow fresh air into a room or onto an object to remove stale smells or dampness, or figuratively to openly discuss a problem.

ammo up
C1

To stock up on ammunition, or figuratively to gather arguments, facts, or resources in preparation for a confrontation.

amp down
C1

To reduce intensity, energy, or volume; the opposite of 'amp up'.

answer back
B1

To reply rudely or cheekily to someone in authority, especially a parent or teacher.

answer for
B2

To be responsible for something and accept the consequences, or to speak on behalf of someone else.

answer up
C1

To respond promptly and honestly when questioned or challenged, especially in a direct or assertive way.

argue down
B2

To defeat someone in an argument or to convince someone to accept a lower price through negotiation.

argue out
B2

To settle a disagreement or find a solution by discussing it thoroughly, even if it involves debate.

arrive at
A2

To reach a place or, figuratively, to come to a conclusion or decision after thought or discussion.

ask around
A2

To ask multiple people the same question, typically to gather information or find something.

ask for
A2

To request something, or to request to speak to a specific person.

back up
A2

To reverse a vehicle; to support or confirm someone's statement; to create a copy of data; or to form a blockage.

bag out
C1

Australian slang meaning to criticize or speak negatively about someone.

ball out
B2

To reprimand or scold someone angrily and loudly.

bandy about
B2

To mention or use a word, name, or idea repeatedly and carelessly, often without full understanding.

bandy around
B2

To pass around or use a word, name, or idea repeatedly and often carelessly.

bang on
B1

To talk at length about something in a tedious or repetitive way; also used informally to mean exactly correct.

bang out
B2

To produce something quickly, often without much care; to play something loudly on an instrument.

bargain for
B1

To expect or anticipate something; to negotiate in order to obtain something.

barge in
B1

To enter or interrupt suddenly and rudely, without being invited.

barge into
B1

To enter a place or collide with someone forcefully and without care; to interrupt something intrusively.

bat about
B2

To discuss ideas informally and casually; to knock or hit something in various directions.

bat around
B1

To discuss ideas casually and informally; to knock something back and forth.

bat away
B1

To deflect, dismiss, or push something aside with a batting movement; to ward off questions or criticism.

bat in
B1

To score a run or point by batting in a sport, or (informally) to contribute to a discussion or score.

bat out
B2

To produce or complete something quickly, often without great care.

bat round
B2

To discuss or consider an idea casually among a group of people.

battle out
B2

To resolve or settle something through intense struggle, competition, or argument.

bawl off
C1

To scold or reprimand someone loudly and angrily. (Rare, chiefly dialectal variant of 'bawl out')

bawl out
B1

To scold or reprimand someone loudly and angrily; or to shout or cry very loudly.

be about
A2

To concern or relate to a particular topic; or to be present and active nearby.

be on at
B1

To repeatedly pester or nag someone about something.

be on to
B1

To have discovered something important, to suspect someone, or to be in contact with someone.

be onto
B1

To have recognised or discovered something, or to have realised what someone is doing.

be with
A2

To be in a relationship with someone, to understand someone, or to support someone's position.

beak off
C1

To speak impudently, insolently, or cheekily; to talk back. (Rare, chiefly British dialectal)

bear on
B2

To be relevant to or have an effect on something; to apply pressure to something.

bear out
B2

To confirm, support, or prove that something is true.

bear upon
C1

To be relevant to something; to exert pressure or influence on a person or situation. (Formal variant of 'bear on')

bear with
B1

To be patient with someone or something; to tolerate a temporary inconvenience while waiting.

beat about
B2

To avoid getting to the main point of something; to talk around a subject.

beep out
B2

To replace an offensive or inappropriate word in a broadcast with a beeping sound.

beggar off
C1

A softened exclamation telling someone to go away; an old-fashioned euphemism for a stronger phrase.

begger off
C1

A non-standard spelling variant of 'beggar off': a rude dismissal telling someone to go away.

bell out
C1

To produce a loud, resonant sound like a bell; occasionally used for singing or playing music loudly.

bell up
C1

British informal: to telephone someone.

bellow out
B2

To shout or say something very loudly in a deep, powerful voice.

belt up
B1

Chiefly British: to stop talking and be quiet, or to fasten one's seatbelt.

big up
B2

To praise, promote, or show respect and admiration for someone or something.

bitch off
C1

Vulgar slang: to speak angrily or complain aggressively, often at or about someone.

bitch out
C1

To harshly scold or berate someone; or (reflexive/intransitive) to back down from a challenge in a cowardly way.

bite back
B2

To retaliate sharply against criticism or an attack; or to stop yourself from saying or showing something.

blab out
B2

To reveal a secret or private information carelessly and without thinking.

blank out
B2

To erase or cover something so nothing remains visible; or to suddenly lose the ability to think or remember; or to deliberately suppress a

blare out
B2

To make a loud, harsh, or strident noise, especially from speakers, horns, or radios.

blast out
B2

To send out sound, music, or an announcement at very high volume; or to expel or remove something with explosive force.

bleep out
B2

To replace offensive or inappropriate words in a broadcast with a bleep sound so that the audience cannot hear them.

bless out
C1

To scold or reprimand someone severely; a regional American expression, chiefly Southern U.S.

blot out
B2

To cover or obscure something completely, or to deliberately suppress a memory.

blow apart
B2

To destroy something by an explosion or violent force, or to thoroughly disprove an argument.

blow upon
C1

To direct a stream of air onto something, or (figuratively) to tarnish or damage a reputation.

bluff out
B2

To escape from a difficult or embarrassing situation by pretending to be confident or by using deception.

blurt out
B1

To say something suddenly and without thinking, often revealing something you did not mean to.

body forth
C1

To give a tangible or visible form to something abstract; to represent or embody something.

bog off
B2

A rude British expression telling someone to go away.

boil down
B1

To reduce a liquid by boiling, making it more concentrated; or (figuratively) to reduce something to its most essential point.

booger off
C1

A mild rude expression telling someone to go away; a euphemistic American variant of 'bugger off'.

border on
B2

To be very close to a particular quality, state, or extreme, without quite reaching it.

bottom on
C1

To be based or founded on something; to have something as the fundamental premise or foundation.

bounce around
B1

To move energetically from place to place, or to discuss ideas informally without reaching a conclusion.

bounce off
B1

To rebound from a surface, or to share ideas with someone to get their reaction.

bow in
C1

To welcome or escort someone into a place with a bow as a gesture of deep respect.

boy off
C1

A rare dialectal expression meaning to dismiss or put someone off with excuses or evasion.

brag on
B1

To talk proudly and enthusiastically about someone or something, often excessively.

branch off
B1

To diverge from a main path, road, or topic and go in a different direction.

break down
A2

to stop working, collapse, separate into parts, or explain something step by step

break in
B1

to enter by force, interrupt, train something new, or make shoes comfortable by use

break it down
A2

to explain or divide something into simpler parts

break it to
B2

to tell someone bad or difficult news, usually gently

break off
B1

to stop suddenly, separate a piece, or end a relationship or discussion

breathe upon
C1

to breathe gently on something; sometimes used figuratively in literary English

brief against
C1

to instruct a lawyer or advocate to argue against someone or something

bring around
B2

to make someone conscious again, persuade them, or bring someone/something to a place

bring forth
C1

to produce, create, or reveal something

bring out
B1

to produce, publish, reveal, or cause a quality to appear

bring over
A2

to bring someone or something to another place, often someone's home, or to persuade someone to your side

bring round
B2

to make someone conscious again, persuade them, or take something to someone's home

bring together
B1

To unite people, groups, or ideas that were previously separate or in conflict.

bring up
A2

To raise a child, introduce a topic into conversation, or cause food to come back up from the stomach.

brush aside
B2

To dismiss or ignore something such as a concern, criticism, or obstacle as if it were unimportant.

brush over
B2

To deal with a topic or problem briefly and superficially, without giving it proper attention.

bubble up
B2

To rise to the surface or emerge gradually, used for liquids, emotions, sounds, or ideas.

bung it on
C1

Australian slang: to exaggerate, fake a reaction, or make a scene to get sympathy or attention.

burst forth
B2

To emerge suddenly and with great force or energy, especially in a literary or elevated register.

burst in
B1

To enter a place suddenly and without warning, often interrupting something.

burst out
B1

To suddenly say something or begin an activity, especially a strong emotional reaction.

bust in
B2

To enter a place suddenly and forcefully, often by breaking something; also to interrupt.

bust on
C1

(US informal/slang) To tease, mock, or make fun of someone.

butt in
B1

To rudely interrupt a conversation or interfere in a situation that does not concern you.

butt out
B2

To stop interfering or getting involved in something that is not your concern; usually used as an imperative.

butter up
B2

To flatter or praise someone excessively in order to get something from them.

button up
B1

To fasten the buttons on a garment; also (informal) to stop talking or keep something secret.

buy in
B2

To purchase a stock of something in bulk; also to obtain acceptance or support from others; (finance) a specific market operation.

buy into
B2

To accept or believe in an idea, system, or philosophy; to purchase a stake or share in a business or scheme.

buy off on
C1

To give one's approval or agreement to a plan, idea, or decision.

buzz about
B1

To move around busily and energetically, or for rumours and excitement to circulate widely.

buzz off
B1

An informal, rude way of telling someone to leave or stop bothering you.

buzz up
B1

To contact someone on an upper floor via intercom, or to make someone feel energetic and excited.

cack on
C1

British informal: to continue talking or doing something, often in a foolish or annoying way.

call ahead
A2

To phone a place or person before you arrive or before something happens, to give warning or make arrangements.

call around
A2

To make a series of phone calls to different people or places, usually to gather information or find something.

call back
A2

To phone someone again, especially in return for a call they made to you, or to ask someone to return to a place.

call down
C1

To invoke or pray for something to descend upon someone, or to reprimand someone severely.

call for
B1

To publicly demand something, to require or make necessary, or to collect someone from a place.

call forth
C1

To evoke, produce, or summon a quality, emotion, or response.

call in
B1

To phone a workplace, radio station, or organisation; to summon someone for help; or to visit briefly.

call off
B1

To cancel a planned event, activity, or course of action.

call on
B1

To ask or invite someone to do something, or to pay a visit to someone.

call out
B1

To shout something; to publicly challenge or criticise someone; or to summon someone to a scene.

call over
B1

To attract someone's attention and ask them to come to where you are.

call round
B1

British English: to visit someone at their home, usually briefly; or to phone a number of people in turn.

call to
B2

To shout or speak loudly toward someone in order to attract their attention or appeal to them.

call together
B2

To summon or assemble a group of people for a meeting or joint purpose.

call up
B1

To telephone someone, to conscript someone for military service, or to retrieve stored data or memories.

call upon
B2

To formally ask or request someone to do something, or to appeal to something for support.

camp out on
C1

To persistently focus on, dwell on, or repeatedly return to a particular topic, issue, or position.

cap it off
B2

To complete or finish something in a notable way, often adding one final memorable or extreme element.

cap off
B2

To bring something to a conclusion with a final, often memorable or climactic element.

cast about
C1

To search in a disorganised or uncertain way, typically for ideas, solutions, or something to say.

cast around
C1

To search widely and unsystematically for something, especially a solution, idea, or resource.

cast back
C1

To direct one's thoughts deliberately back to a past time or event.

cast round
C1

To search unsystematically in many directions for something, especially an idea or solution; a British variant of 'cast around.'

cast up
C1

To throw or deposit something upward or onshore; to raise (a past fault) as a reproach; or to calculate a total.

catch up
A2

To reach the same level or position as someone ahead of you; to update someone (or yourself) on missed information.

chair up
C1

(informal, rare) To take or be appointed to the position of chairperson of an organisation or meeting.

chalk down
B2

To record or note something down, often quickly or provisionally.

chalk it down
B2

A fixed expression meaning to make a note of something or record it.

chalk out
B2

To outline or plan something, often in a preliminary or rough way.

chalk up to
B1

To attribute something, especially a failure or difficulty, to a particular cause.

charm up
C1

To win someone over or impress them through the use of personal charm.

chase down
B1

To pursue and catch someone or something; or to search persistently until you find information or a person.

chase up
B1

To contact someone to remind them to do something they have not yet done, or to find out about progress.

chat away
B1

To talk in a relaxed, continuous, and friendly way for a period of time.

chat up
B1

To talk to someone in a friendly, flattering way, usually because you are romantically or sexually attracted to them.

check in
A2

To register your arrival at a hotel, airport, or event, or to make brief contact with someone to report your status.

check out
A2

To officially leave a hotel; to look at or investigate something; or (informally) to be very attracted to someone.

check up
B1

To verify facts or information, or to conduct a medical examination.

chew out
B2

To scold or reprimand someone severely and angrily.

chill it with
B2

To stop or reduce doing something annoying or excessive.

chime in
B2

To join a conversation by adding a comment or opinion, sometimes unexpectedly.

chime up
C1

To suddenly speak up or interject a comment, often unexpectedly.

chip in
B1

To contribute money to a shared fund, or to add a comment to a conversation.

chip up
C1

A rare and non-standard expression meaning to become more cheerful or to speak up.

chop it up
B2

To have a lively, relaxed conversation; to chat and hang out casually.

chuck over
B1

To throw something across a space to someone

churn out
B2

To produce something quickly in large quantities, often without much care for quality

circle back
B2

To return to a topic, person, or location that was left earlier in order to revisit it

clam up
B2

To suddenly stop talking and refuse to speak, especially when asked questions

clap back
B2

To respond to criticism or an insult with a sharp, confident, and often witty comeback

click for
B1

To click on a link, button, or icon in order to access or obtain something online.

click through
B1

To navigate through web pages, slides, or digital content by clicking; especially to reach a destination by clicking a link.

clock onto
B2

To notice or realise something, often something that others were hiding or that was not immediately obvious.

close up
B1

To close a building, shop, or wound completely; to move closer together; or to become uncommunicative.

clown on
C1

To publicly mock, ridicule, or humiliate a specific person, especially on social media (internet slang).

clue in
B2

To tell someone something they did not know, especially information that helps them understand a situation.

clue up
B2

To become well-informed and knowledgeable about something; or to inform someone thoroughly about a subject.

comb through
B1

To search through a large amount of material, information, or an area very carefully and thoroughly.

come across
B1

To find or encounter something or someone by chance; or to make a particular impression on others.

come across with
C1

To provide or deliver something, especially money or information that was promised or expected, sometimes reluctantly.

come at
B1

To attack or move toward someone in a threatening way; or to approach a problem from a particular angle.

come down to
B1

to be mainly a question of one thing, or to be reduced to an essential point

come forth
C1

to appear, emerge, or become known, often in formal or literary style

come in for
C1

to receive something, especially criticism, praise, or treatment from others

come of
C1

to result from or arise out of something

come off it
C1

used to tell someone to stop saying something foolish, dishonest, or exaggerated

come out
A2

to emerge, become known, be published, or leave a place

come out with
B2

to say something suddenly, or to produce and present something new

come round
B1

to visit, regain consciousness, or eventually agree after thinking

come to
B1

To regain consciousness, to reach a total, or to arrive at a point in discussion or thought.

come up
A2

To arise, appear, or be mentioned; also to approach or to occur unexpectedly.

come up with
B1

To produce, think of, or find something needed, such as an idea, plan, answer, or money.

come with it
C1

In informal or slang use, to be naturally stylish, skilled, or impressive; also used as an imperative meaning to produce or deliver what is

condescend upon
C1

To behave in a patronising or superior manner toward someone, treating them as inferior.

confide in
B1

To trust someone enough to share personal or secret information with them.

conjure up
B2

To create a vivid image or feeling in the mind, or to produce something as if by magic.

copy down
A2

To write something down exactly as it appears or is said, reproducing it from a source.

copy out
B1

To reproduce a piece of writing in full by writing it out again, usually from an existing source.

cork up
B2

To seal something with a cork or stopper; figuratively, to suppress emotions, stop someone speaking, or keep something bottled up inside.

cosy along
C1

To gently reassure or encourage someone along, keeping them comfortable and cooperative, often over a period of time.

couch up
C1

An extremely rare or dialectal variant, occasionally used to mean expressing something in a particular way or providing something reluctantl

cough down
C1

To silence or disrupt a speaker by coughing loudly.

cough out
B2

To expel something from the throat or lungs by coughing, or to say something with difficulty while coughing.

cough up
B1

To produce money or information reluctantly, or to expel something from the throat by coughing.

count down
A2

To count backward toward zero, or to eagerly await an upcoming event.

count in
B1

To include someone in a plan, activity, or group.

count out
B1

To exclude someone from a plan, or to count items one by one while distributing them.

crack out
B2

To suddenly produce or bring out something, often with energy or enthusiasm.

crap on
B2

To talk at length in a way that is boring, annoying, or perceived as worthless; also to speak disparagingly about someone or something.

crop up
B1

To appear or happen unexpectedly, especially a problem or topic that needs attention.

cross out
A2

To draw a line through a word or piece of text to show it is wrong, should be ignored, or has been removed.

crow over
B2

To boast or express great triumph over someone else's defeat or one's own success in a way that others find annoying.

cry down
C1

To belittle, depreciate, or speak disparagingly of someone or something in order to reduce their value or reputation.

cry off
B2

To cancel or withdraw from a previously agreed plan, commitment, or arrangement, especially at the last moment.

cry out
B1

To shout or exclaim loudly, usually because of pain, fear, surprise, or strong emotion.

cry up
C1

To praise or promote something enthusiastically, especially in public; to extol the virtues of something.

cue in
B2

To signal someone that it is their turn to speak, perform, or act.

cue off
C1

To take a signal, prompt, or inspiration from someone or something.

cue up
B1

To prepare audio, video, or other media so it is ready to play from a specific point.

curse out
B2

To direct a stream of angry, abusive, or profane language at someone.

cuss out
B2

To verbally attack someone using a lot of swear words and angry insults.

cut across
B1

To take a shorter route by going diagonally across something; or to affect or apply to many different groups at once.

cut in
B1

To interrupt a conversation or activity; to move in front of someone else in a queue or in traffic; to ask someone to dance.

cut it out
A2

An informal command telling someone to stop doing something annoying or unacceptable.

cut off
A2

To separate something by cutting; to stop a supply; to interrupt someone; or to isolate someone from others.

cut through
B1

To move or cut directly through something, often a shortcut; or to deal with complexity clearly and directly.

dampen down
B2

To reduce the force, intensity, or enthusiasm of something, especially an emotion, situation, or public reaction.

dance around
B1

To move around something in a lively way, or figuratively, to avoid directly addressing a topic or issue.

dash down
B2

To write something quickly and hastily, or to throw/push something forcefully downward.

dash off
B1

To leave quickly, or to produce a piece of writing very quickly and with little effort.

dawn on
B1

To slowly become clear or understood; used when someone gradually realises something they had not noticed before.

dawn upon
B1

A more formal or literary variant of 'dawn on': to gradually become understood or realised by someone.

deal it out
B2

To distribute or dispense something — especially punishment, criticism, or blows — forcefully or in measured portions.

dial back
B2

To reduce the intensity, extent, or level of something; to moderate.

dial down
B2

To reduce the intensity, volume, or strength of something.

dial in
B2

To connect to a meeting or service by telephone, or to fine-tune something to the correct setting.

dial into
B2

To connect to a specific meeting, network, or service by dialling a telephone number.

dial out
B2

To make a phone call from a telephone system to an external number, or to remove noise/interference from a signal.

dial towards
C1

To adjust or shift something incrementally in the direction of a particular quality, outcome, or goal.

dial up
B2

To increase the intensity, level, or degree of something, or (historically) to call someone by telephone.

dig into
B1

To investigate something thoroughly, or to push into a surface, or to start eating food with enthusiasm.

dig up
B1

To remove something from the ground by digging; or to discover hidden or forgotten information.

dine out on
C1

To repeatedly use an amusing story or past experience to entertain people and gain social attention or status.

disagree with
A2

To have a different opinion from someone; or for food or medicine to cause discomfort to the body.

dish out
B1

To distribute or give out something, often in large amounts; also means to serve food.

do down
B2

To speak negatively about someone, or to cheat or treat someone unfairly. (British English)

doctor up
C1

To alter, falsify, or improve something, often in a deceptive or unofficial way.

dodge up
C1

To produce or arrange something hastily and often in a makeshift or deceptive way. (British/Australian slang)

dog out
C1

To insult, criticise harshly, or disrespect someone. (American slang)

dot down
C1

To write something down quickly as a brief note.

draft up
B2

To produce a preliminary written version of a document.

draw into
B2

To gradually involve or attract someone into a situation, activity, or discussion.

draw out
B1

To make something or someone come out gradually; to prolong something; or to encourage someone to talk.

draw together
B2

To bring people or things together, creating a sense of unity, or to come together as a group.

dream on
B1

An exclamation used to dismiss someone's idea or hope as completely unrealistic.

dredge up
B2

To bring up unpleasant memories or information from the past that would be better left forgotten.

drive at
B2

To be trying to say or suggest something; to be working toward a particular point or conclusion.

drone on
B1

To talk or speak for a long time in a boring and monotonous way.

drop someone in it
B2

To accidentally or carelessly say or do something that causes another person to get into trouble.

drown out
B1

To make a sound or voice impossible to hear by being louder, or to overwhelm something so it cannot be perceived.

drum into
B2

To teach or fix something in someone's mind by constant, forceful repetition.

drum up
B2

To generate or obtain something, especially support, business, or enthusiasm, through persistent effort.

dry up
B1

To stop flowing or being available, to become completely dry, or to stop speaking suddenly.

dub out
C1

To remove or erase a section of audio from a recording, or to transfer audio from one format to another.

dumb down
B2

To make something simpler or less intellectually demanding, often in a way that is seen as condescending or that reduces quality.

dumb out
C1

(Informal, chiefly American) To suddenly become unable to speak, think clearly, or respond, often due to shock or confusion.

dummy up
C1

To stop talking and refuse to say anything, or to create a dummy or mock-up of something.

dwell upon
B2

To think, speak, or write about something at length, giving it more time and attention than might be necessary.

edge in
B2

To move gradually and carefully into a position, space, or conversation.

edit in
B2

To add something into a piece of writing, film, audio, or other content during the editing process.

edit out
B1

To remove something from a piece of writing, film, broadcast, or other content during editing.

eff off
B1

A euphemistic way of saying 'f*** off' — to tell someone rudely to go away or to express anger.

end off
B2

To conclude or round off something in a particular way.

engage in
B1

To actively take part in or involve oneself in an activity, discussion, or process.

enlarge up
C1

A non-standard or redundant phrase sometimes used to mean making something bigger, particularly an image.

enquire after
B2

To ask politely about someone's health, wellbeing, or situation, often on behalf of oneself or another person.

enter into
B2

To begin or formally commit to an agreement, discussion, relationship, or activity.

explain away
B2

To give reasons or excuses for something problematic in a way that minimizes it or tries to make it seem unimportant.

f off
C1

A euphemistic spelling/pronunciation of a very strong expletive used to tell someone to go away or express extreme anger.

face up
B1

Positioned with the face, front, or surface turned upward; also used informally to mean to be honest or confront something.

fack off
C1

A euphemistic or written softening of the vulgar phrase 'fuck off,' used to tell someone to go away or to express strong disbelief or irrita

fawn over
B2

To give someone excessive and often insincere praise and attention in order to gain their favour.

feed back
B1

To return information, results, or reactions to the original source, or to cause a signal to loop back into a system.

feed into
B2

To provide input or material to a larger system, process, or organisation, or to influence and contribute to something.

feel out
B2

To cautiously and indirectly explore someone's opinions, intentions, or the nature of a situation before committing.

ferret out
B2

To discover or obtain information, a person, or a thing by searching carefully and persistently.

fess up
B1

To admit or confess to something, especially something you have done wrong or have been trying to hide.

fie away
C1

An archaic exclamation used to express strong moral disapproval, disgust, or contempt, dismissing someone or something as shameful.

field off
C1

A rare or non-standard variant occasionally used to mean deflecting or handling unwanted questions or challenges; not widely established.

fill in
B1

To complete missing information on a form, to substitute for someone temporarily, or to inform someone of facts they missed.

filter down
B2

To gradually reach lower levels or people, said of information, resources, or effects spreading downward through a hierarchy or system.

filter up
C1

To gradually reach higher levels of an organisation or society, said of information, concerns, or trends originating at a lower level.

find out
A2

To discover information or a fact, either by searching, asking, or being told.

find out about
A2

To discover information or facts about a topic, person, or situation

finish with
B1

To no longer need or use something, to have completed a relationship or association, or to have nothing more to say or do regarding somethin

fire away
B1

To tell someone they are free to begin asking questions or speaking, or to shoot continuously.

fire off
B2

To send something quickly and often forcefully, such as a letter or email, or to shoot a weapon or launch something rapidly.

fire out
C1

To expel someone forcefully, or to shoot or deliver something outward rapidly.

fix on
B2

To direct attention, gaze, or a decision firmly toward something or someone; or to attach something to a surface.

fix upon
C1

The formal or literary equivalent of 'fix on': to direct attention or gaze firmly at something, or to decide upon something.

flag away
C1

To signal with a flag or hand gesture for someone or something to move away or continue.

flag down
B1

To signal a moving vehicle to stop, usually by waving one's arms or hand.

flag up
B2

To draw attention to something, especially a problem, issue, or concern, so that it can be dealt with.

flash up
B1

To appear suddenly and briefly, usually on a screen or in the mind.

flesh out
B2

To add more detail, substance, or information to make something more complete.

float around
B1

To move around without a clear direction; or for an idea, rumor, or object to circulate informally.

flub up
B2

To make an embarrassing mistake, especially in speech or a performance.

fluff off
C1

To dismiss or send someone away rudely; also used as a softened expletive equivalent to 'go away'.

follow along
A2

To keep up with or track something as it progresses, especially a lesson, text, or sequence of events.

follow on
B1

To come after something in sequence or to arrive later, continuing from where something left off.

follow up
B1

To make a subsequent contact or take an additional action after an initial one.

follow up on
B1

To take further action on a specific matter that was previously started or mentioned.

fork off
B2

To diverge from a main route at a fork; or (vulgar slang) used as an expletive equivalent of 'get lost'.

frame in
B2

To enclose or surround something with a frame or structural border; or to include something within the boundaries of a discussion or plan.

front oneself off
C1

To present oneself in a bold, confident, or confrontational way, often projecting a tougher image than one truly has.

frown at
A2

To make a frowning facial expression directed at a person or thing, showing disapproval, confusion, or displeasure.

frown on
B1

To regard a behaviour, action, or practice with disapproval; to consider something socially or morally unacceptable.

frown upon
B1

To regard something with disapproval, often implying a social or moral judgment against it.

fub off
C1

An archaic or dialectal variant of 'fob off', meaning to cheat, deceive, or dismiss someone with something inferior.

fuck off
B1

Strongly vulgar expression used to tell someone to go away, or to describe going away oneself; also used as an exclamation of disbelief.

fuck with
B2

Vulgar slang meaning to interfere with something, provoke or challenge someone, or deliberately confuse or deceive someone.

fuzz out
C1

To become blurry, indistinct, or unclear, especially in terms of an image, sound, or mental state.

fuzzy over
C1

To make something deliberately or inadvertently vague or unclear, often to avoid dealing with it precisely.

gaff off
C1

British slang meaning to inadvertently or deliberately reveal someone's secret, expose their deception, or 'blow someone's cover'.

gain over
C1

To persuade someone to support your side or adopt your views.

gavel out
C1

To officially end a formal session, meeting, or auction by striking a gavel.

gear to
B2

To design, adapt, or prepare something so that it is suitable for a particular audience, purpose, or situation.

gear towards
B2

To design, adapt, or orient something so that it suits a specific audience, goal, or context.

get about
B1

To be able to move or travel to different places, or for news to spread widely.

get across
B1

To communicate an idea or message successfully so that others understand it.

get around
B1

To move from place to place, to avoid or circumvent something, or (of news) to spread widely.

get at
B1

To imply something indirectly, to criticise someone repeatedly, or to reach/access something.

get back to
B1

To contact someone again later, or to return to a subject that was interrupted or postponed.

get down
A2

To move to a lower position, to write something down, to make someone feel depressed, or (informal) to dance.

get it in
B1

To manage to do, say, or submit something within a time limit or a brief opportunity.

get off
A2

To leave a vehicle, to avoid punishment, to stop touching something, or to send a message.

get on at
B2

To repeatedly criticise, pressure, or nag someone about something.

get on to
B1

To contact someone or to begin dealing with a new subject or task.

get onto
B1

To climb or move onto a surface or vehicle, to access a system or list, or to begin addressing a topic or person.

get out
A2

To leave a place, escape a situation, or (of information) to become known.

get through
B1

To successfully survive a difficult period, finish a task, contact someone, or make someone understand.

get with
B2

To become romantically or sexually involved with someone, or to understand and accept something.

get with it
B2

To become aware of current trends, modern ideas, or the realities of a situation; to stop being out of touch.

gin up
C1

To create, fabricate, or artificially generate something, especially enthusiasm, support, or a story.

give away
A2

To give something to someone for free, to reveal a secret unintentionally, or to escort a bride at a wedding.

give forth
C1

A literary or archaic expression meaning to emit, produce, or utter something.

give off
B1

To produce and release a smell, light, heat, radiation, or impression.

glance over
B1

To read or examine something quickly and without much attention to detail.

gloss over
B2

To deal with something briefly and superficially, avoiding its true difficulty or importance.

go around
B1

To move in a circular path; to be enough for everyone; or (of information/illness) to circulate.

go back to
A2

To return to a place, person, activity, or topic.

go between
B2

To act as a messenger or intermediary between two parties who are not communicating directly.

go into
B1

To enter a place or state, to begin a career or field, or to explain or examine something in detail.

go off on one
C1

To suddenly start talking angrily, excitedly, or at great length, often in an exaggerated or theatrical way.

go on
A2

To continue, to happen, to speak further, or to urge someone to do something.

go over
A2

To review, examine, or repeat something in order to check or understand it; also to cross to the other side of something.

gob off
C1

To speak loudly, rudely, or boastfully, often without being asked for an opinion.

goof on
C1

To tease or make fun of someone in a playful way.

google up
B2

To search for and retrieve information using Google or another internet search engine.

guff off
C1

To waste time foolishly or to make empty boastful talk; used in informal British contexts.

gun off
C1

To fire a gun or shoot rapidly; also used informally to mean to speak aggressively or impulsively.

ham it up
B2

To perform or behave in an exaggerated, overdramatic way for comic or theatrical effect.

ham up
B2

A shorter variant of 'ham it up': to perform or behave in an exaggerated or overdramatic way.

hammer away
B1

To work at something persistently and with great energy; also to repeat a point or argument forcefully and continuously.

hammer out
B2

To produce or reach something (a deal, agreement, or solution) after long and difficult discussion or effort.

hand it to
B1

To acknowledge and give credit to someone for something impressive they have done.

hand it to someone
B1

To give someone the recognition they deserve for doing something impressively well.

hand out
A2

To distribute something to a number of people, either physically or figuratively.

hand over
B1

To give control, possession, or custody of something to another person or authority.

hang on
A2

To wait; to hold onto something; or to persist through difficulty.

hang together
B2

To be logically consistent and coherent, or to remain united as a group.

hang up
A2

To end a phone call; to put something on a hook or hanger; or (figuratively) to stop doing an activity permanently.

hang upon
C1

To depend entirely on something, or to listen/watch with great intensity.

hark back
B2

To refer back to something from the past, or to recall and resemble an earlier time or style.

harken back
B2

A variant of 'hark back': to refer to or evoke something from the past.

harp on
B1

To talk repeatedly and tediously about the same thing, especially a complaint or criticism.

harsh down
C1

To reduce the harshness or severity of something, such as language, criticism, or a policy.

hash out
B1

To discuss and settle something thoroughly through careful, often lengthy debate or negotiation.

hash over
B2

To discuss or review something thoroughly, often by going over it repeatedly.

hate on
A2

To direct strong dislike, criticism, or negativity toward a person or thing, often publicly.

have down
B1

To have something perfectly learned or mastered; to have something recorded or noted.

have down as
B2

To consider or mentally classify someone as being a particular type of person.

have it out
B2

To have a direct and frank confrontation with someone in order to settle a dispute or misunderstanding.

hear from
A2

To receive a letter, call, message, or other communication from someone.

hear of
A2

To become aware of someone or something through news or word of mouth; to have knowledge that something or someone exists.

hear out
B1

To listen to someone fully and completely, allowing them to finish what they are saying without interruption.

hearken back
C1

To evoke, refer to, or be reminiscent of something from the past.

hedge about
C1

To surround something with so many conditions, qualifications, or restrictions that it becomes unclear or overly limited.

hedge around
C1

To speak evasively or avoid committing to a direct answer about something.

hide behind
B2

To use something as a shield or excuse to avoid revealing your true feelings or taking responsibility.

hit back
B1

To respond to an attack or criticism with an equally strong counter-attack or response.

hit it up
C1

Informal/slang: to go to a place energetically; to contact or approach someone, often to ask for something.

hit off
B2

To imitate or mimic someone cleverly, or (in the fixed phrase 'hit it off') to immediately get along well with someone.

hit out
B2

To attack someone physically or to criticize someone forcefully and publicly.

hit up
B1

To contact someone, especially to ask for something, or to visit a place.

hoke up
C1

To make something seem more dramatic, emotional, or impressive than it really is by adding false or artificial elements.

hold back
B1

To restrain someone or something, to prevent progress, or to stop oneself from expressing feelings or information.

hold back on
B2

To deliberately refrain from doing, giving, or using something to the full extent.

hold forth
C1

To speak at length on a subject, often in an opinionated or pompous way.

hold out
B2

To extend your hand or an object toward someone, to resist surrendering or yielding, or to last under difficult conditions.

hold up as
B2

To present someone or something as a model, ideal, or example for others to admire or follow

hold with
C1

To approve of or support a particular idea, practice, or belief, usually used in negative constructions

holla at
C1

To contact someone or get their attention, often with romantic intent or to start a conversation

holla back
C1

To respond to someone who has contacted or called out to you

holler at
B2

To call out to someone loudly or to contact them informally

holler back
B2

To respond or reply to someone who called out to you or contacted you

hone in
B2

To direct full attention or effort precisely toward something — a common variant of 'home in on', though traditionally considered non-standa

honey around
C1

To flatter or behave in an overly sweet, ingratiating way around someone, usually to gain favor

honey up
C1

To flatter someone excessively in order to win their favor or get something from them

hook in
B2

To attract and engage someone's interest or involvement, or to connect something using a hook

hook up
B1

To connect devices or systems; to meet and begin a relationship or casual encounter; or to provide someone with what they need

hoot down
C1

To silence or embarrass a speaker by making mocking noises, hooting, or jeering

horn in
B2

To intrude on a situation, conversation, or activity without being invited, often to gain an advantage.

howl down
B2

To silence a speaker by loudly booing, jeering, or shouting as a group.

howl on
C1

To continue crying, wailing, or making loud anguished sounds for an extended period.

howl out
B2

To shout or cry out something loudly, passionately, or in pain.

hush down
B1

To make someone or something quieter; to calm noise or commotion down.

hush up
B2

To keep something secret by preventing people from talking about it, or to tell someone to be quiet.

hype up
B2

To promote something with great enthusiasm and exaggeration, or to make someone very excited or agitated.

inform on
B2

To secretly give information about someone's illegal or improper activities to an authority figure.

inquire after
B2

To ask about someone's health, wellbeing, or current situation as a social courtesy.

inquire of
C1

To formally ask someone for information or an answer to a specific question.

instance in
C1

To cite or give something as a specific example or instance within an argument or explanation.

interact with
B1

To communicate with, act upon, or have an effect on someone or something else.

interpret away
C1

To remove or neutralize the problematic aspects of something by reinterpreting its meaning, often in a self-serving way.

jaw away
C1

To keep talking continuously, often for a long time.

jaw down
C1

To speak to someone in a superior, scolding, or condescending way.

jive around
C1

To talk nonsense, be deceptive, or waste time with idle chatter.

joke around
A2

To behave in a playful, humorous way; to make jokes and not be serious.

joke it up
B2

To joke or be funny in an exaggerated or enthusiastic way, often to entertain others.

joke up
C1

A non-standard or very informal variant meaning to fill something with jokes or to become more humorous.

jolly along
C1

To keep someone cheerful and motivated through encouragement, flattery, or gentle persuasion.

jot down
A2

To write something quickly and briefly, usually as a short note.

jump down
A2

To leap downward from a height, or (idiomatically) to reprimand someone sharply.

jump in
A2

To enter a conversation, activity, or situation suddenly and without much hesitation.

jump out
A2

To leap out of something or somewhere; figuratively, to be immediately noticeable or striking.

jump to
B1

To move quickly to a particular point or conclusion, often without proper consideration.

kak on
C1

South African slang meaning to speak badly of someone or to treat someone with contempt.

keep across
C1

To stay informed and up to date with a situation, project, or area of responsibility.

keep at
B1

To continue working hard at something despite difficulty, or to nag someone repeatedly to do something.

keep back
B1

To prevent someone or something from moving forward, or to withhold information, money, or emotions.

keep on
A2

To continue doing something, to not stop, or to repeatedly nag someone.

keep on about
B1

To repeatedly talk about the same subject, often in a way that others find annoying.

keep oneself to oneself
B2

To avoid socialising with others and to not share personal information; to live or behave in a private and self-contained way.

keep to oneself
B1

To not share information, opinions, or feelings with others; or to behave in a private, unsociable way.

keep up with
A2

To match the pace, level, or rate of change of something or someone; or to stay informed about current news or developments.

key in
B1

To type data or information into a computer, phone, or other device.

key in on
B2

To focus precisely on a specific target, detail, or idea.

key on
C1

To focus on or target a particular person, thing, or aspect, especially in sports or strategy.

kick about
B1

To discuss ideas informally without reaching a conclusion; to be left lying around unused; or to be present somewhere without a clear purpos

kick around
B1

To discuss ideas casually; to wander without purpose; to treat someone badly; or to be lying around unused.

kid around
B1

To joke, tease, or behave in a playful and light-hearted way.

kid on
B2

In Scottish and Northern Irish English, to pretend, or to try to make someone believe something that is not true.

knock it off
A2

An imperative phrase telling someone to stop doing something annoying or disruptive.

knock on
A2

To strike a door or surface with the knuckles to signal your presence or to gain entry.

knock oneself out
B2

To make an extreme effort, or (sarcastically) to give someone reluctant permission to do what they want.

lace into
B2

To attack someone physically or verbally with great force and energy.

lam into
B2

To attack someone or something physically or verbally with great force and energy.

lard up
C1

To add too much fat, grease, or excessive material to something; figuratively, to make a text or speech excessively padded with unnecessary

lash back
B2

To retaliate sharply against criticism, an attack, or negative treatment.

lash off
C1

To produce or write something very quickly, often without much care or thought.

lash out
B1

To suddenly attack someone physically or verbally, often because of anger, fear, or frustration.

laugh at
A2

To express amusement at someone or something, or to ridicule and mock someone.

laugh down
C1

To silence, dismiss, or humiliate someone or something by meeting them with laughter or ridicule.

laugh off
B2

To respond to something embarrassing, critical, or unpleasant by laughing at it, treating it as unimportant.

laugh with
A2

To share laughter together with another person as part of a warm, mutual, or friendly exchange.

launch forth
C1

To begin something boldly and energetically — a journey, a speech, or a new venture; often used in a literary or slightly archaic register.

launch into
B2

To begin something — especially a speech, activity, or attack — with energy and without hesitation.

lay behind
C1

To be the underlying cause, reason, or motivation for something. (Note: 'lie behind' is the more standard form.)

lay into
B2

To attack someone physically or to criticise them very harshly.

lay it on
B2

To exaggerate praise, flattery, or emotion beyond what is genuine or necessary.

lay one down
C1

A colloquial expression meaning to produce or deliver something, most commonly used as a euphemism for flatulence or for recording a music t

lay out
B1

To arrange or display things in an organised way, to explain something clearly, or to knock someone unconscious.

lead in
B2

To introduce or open something with a preliminary section, or to guide someone into a topic or place.

lead off
B2

To be the first to do something, to begin a sequence of events or speakers, especially in a formal or competitive setting.

lead on
B2

To deceive someone by giving them false hope or encouragement, especially in a romantic context.

lead through
B2

To guide someone through a process, place, or complex situation step by step.

lead to
A2

To cause or result in a particular outcome, or to take someone to a destination.

lead up to
B1

To precede or approach a particular event or moment through a series of events, or to approach a sensitive topic indirectly.

leak out
B1

For a liquid to escape through a hole or crack, or for secret information to become known without authorisation.

lean in
B2

To move your body forward toward someone or something, or (modern usage) to actively engage with your work and embrace challenges rather tha

lean towards
B1

To have a preference or slight tendency toward a particular option, idea, or belief.

leap out
B1

To be immediately and strikingly obvious or noticeable, or to jump out of somewhere suddenly.

leave aside
B2

To deliberately not consider or discuss something, usually to focus on something else.

leave it out
B2

To omit something, or (British slang) an exclamation telling someone to stop or expressing disbelief.

leave off
B1

To stop doing something, or to omit something from a list or document.

leave out
A2

To not include someone or something, either deliberately or accidentally.

let in on
B1

To share a secret, plan, or private information with someone.

let into
B1

To allow someone or something access into a specific place, situation, or piece of knowledge.

let on
B2

To reveal or admit something that you have been keeping secret, often unintentionally.

let out
A2

To allow someone or something to exit, to make a sound suddenly, or to expand clothing at the seams.

level with
B2

To speak honestly and directly with someone, especially about something difficult or previously avoided.

lib out
C1

Informal slang meaning to express strong feminist or liberal political views, often used dismissively.

lie behind
B2

To be the real, often hidden, reason or cause that explains something.

like of
B1

Used to refer to a type or class of person or thing, often implying comparison or uniqueness (usually 'the like of').

link out
B2

To provide a hyperlink that directs users to an external website or resource outside the current page.

lip off
B2

To speak rudely, impudently, or disrespectfully to someone, especially to a person in authority.

listen after
C1

To pay attention to or follow advice, warnings, or instructions (dialectal/archaic).

listen in
B1

To listen to a broadcast, conversation, or communication, either with permission or secretly.

listen out
B1

To pay active attention in order to hear a specific sound, signal, or piece of information.

listen up
A2

A direct command telling someone to pay close attention right now.

lobby up
C1

To assemble or mobilise a group for the purpose of applying political pressure.

lock on
B2

To fix a tracking system, gaze, or attention precisely and firmly on a target.

look at
A2

To direct your eyes toward something, or to consider or examine something.

look away
A2

To turn your eyes in a different direction, away from something you were looking at or do not want to see.

look like
A2

To have the appearance of something or someone, or to seem as though something is likely to happen

look through
B1

To read or examine something carefully from start to finish, or to deliberately ignore someone.

loop in
B2

To include someone in a conversation, email thread, or flow of information.

loose off
C1

To fire a weapon or release a volley of shots; also used figuratively for sending an aggressive communication.

lump together
B2

To treat or categorize different people or things as a single group, usually ignoring their individual differences.

mack down
C1

Slang: to flirt aggressively or attempt to seduce someone; to successfully use charm or smooth talk on a target of attraction.

mack on
C1

Slang: to flirt with someone confidently and skillfully, using charm and smooth talk to attract them romantically or sexually.

make of
B1

To form an opinion, understanding, or interpretation about something, especially something puzzling or unclear.

make out
B1

To see, hear, or understand something with difficulty; to claim something is true; to kiss and caress romantically; or to write a cheque/for

make up
A2

To invent a story or excuse; to reconcile after a quarrel; to constitute or form a whole; or to apply cosmetics.

make up to
B2

To flatter or behave in an ingratiating way toward someone, usually to gain favour; or to reach a certain amount or level.

make with
C1

(Dated/slang) To produce, provide, or start doing something, often used as an impatient demand.

manage down
C1

To effectively lead, direct, and communicate with subordinates or those lower in an organisational hierarchy.

manage up
C1

To proactively manage the relationship with your own managers or superiors, anticipating their needs and communicating strategically to ensu

mark as
B1

To identify, categorise, or designate something or someone with a particular label, status, or characteristic.

mark down
B1

To reduce the price of something; to give a lower grade or score; or to write something down as a note.

mark down as
B2

To record or categorise someone or something in writing as belonging to a particular type, often forming a firm judgement.

marshal together
C1

To organize and bring together resources, people, or arguments in a controlled and purposeful way.

meet with
B1

To have a formal or official meeting with someone, or to experience a particular reaction or outcome.

meme on
C1

To repeatedly mock, tease, or target someone by creating or sharing memes about them on the internet.

micky off
C1

To mock, tease, or make fun of someone in a dismissive way.

mime out
B2

To communicate or perform something using body movements and gestures alone, without speaking.

miss off
B1

To accidentally or carelessly fail to include someone or something on a list or in a set.

miss out
B1

To fail to experience, enjoy, or take advantage of something good, or to omit something from a list.

mix up
A2

To confuse two or more things or people, or to combine ingredients together.

mock out
C1

To publicly ridicule or humiliate someone in a pointed and deliberate way.

mouth off
B2

To speak rudely, loudly, or disrespectfully; to say offensive or boastful things without appropriate restraint.

mull over
B2

To think carefully and at length about a decision, idea, or problem.

naff off
C1

A British exclamation telling someone rudely to go away.

nail down
B2

To firmly establish, confirm, or settle something such as a deal, plan, or fact.

nod in
C1

To gesture with a nod for someone to enter a room or pass through.

nod through
C1

To approve or pass something without full scrutiny or debate, often implying that approval is given too easily.

noodle up
C1

Informal American expression meaning to think something up, improvise, or work out an idea in a casual or exploratory way.

nose out
B2

To discover information by careful searching, or to defeat a rival by a very small margin.

note down
A2

To write something down quickly so you can remember it later.

nut out
B2

To solve a problem or work out the details of something through careful thought or discussion.

offer up
B1

To present, suggest, or give something, often willingly or as a sacrifice or contribution.

open out
B1

To unfold, expand, or widen into a larger shape or space; or to become more communicative and relaxed.

open up
A2

To open something (a door, shop, conversation) or to begin sharing one's thoughts and feelings more freely.

order up
B1

To formally request or command that something be provided, prepared, or sent.

own up
B1

To admit honestly that you have done something wrong, even though it is difficult.

pad out
B1

To make something longer or bulkier by adding unnecessary or low-quality material.

page in
C1

To summon someone using a pager or public address system, or (computing) to load data into active memory from storage.

palm out
C1

To extend the hand with the palm facing outward, as a gesture.

pass along
A2

To forward or transmit something, such as a message, object, or information, to another person.

pass around
A2

To distribute something among a group of people by giving it from one person to the next.

pass off as
B2

To deliberately present something or someone as something it is not, in order to deceive others.

pass on
B1

To transmit something to another person, to decline an offer, or (as a euphemism) to die.

pass oneself off as
B2

To deliberately pretend to be a different type of person or to have a different identity in order to deceive others.

pass out
A2

To lose consciousness suddenly, or to distribute something to a group of people.

pass round
A2

To distribute something among a group by giving it from one person to the next in turn.

paste up
C1

To arrange and attach text and images on a board or page to create a layout for printing, or to stick a notice or poster onto a surface.

pawn off as
C1

to present something falsely as being of a better or different kind

peace out
B2

to say goodbye in a relaxed, slangy way, or to leave

peal out
C1

to sound out loudly and clearly, especially like bells or ringing laughter

peep out
B2

to look out quickly or to appear slightly from behind or under something

pepper up
C1

To make something more lively, interesting, or sharp by adding stimulating elements.

phone ahead
A2

To telephone someone in advance to give notice, check availability, or make arrangements before arriving.

phone in
B1

To call a television or radio programme, workplace, or service by telephone; or to do something with minimal effort.

phone up
A2

To telephone someone.

phoney up
C1

To falsify or fake something; to make something appear genuine when it is not.

phony up
C1

To falsify or fabricate something; to make something appear genuine when it is not.

pick apart
B2

To analyse or criticise something in very close detail, finding every flaw.

pick up on
B2

To notice or become aware of something subtle, such as a clue, a feeling, or a social signal.

pie off
C1

to reject, dismiss, or brush someone off rudely

piece together
B2

to form, rebuild, or understand something by joining separate pieces or clues

pig off
C1

to go away; used as a rude dismissal in very rare dialectal or informal use

pin down
B2

to identify, define, or fix something precisely

pipe down
B1

to become quieter or to tell someone to stop making noise

pipe in
C1

to bring something in through pipes, or to suddenly add a comment in conversation

pipe off
C1

to stop talking or go away; a very rare informal expression

pipe up
B2

to begin speaking, especially suddenly or after being silent

pitch upon
C1

To select or decide on something, typically somewhat casually or suddenly (formal/archaic variant of 'pitch on').

play along
B1

To cooperate with someone's plan or pretence, often while not fully believing it; to pretend to agree in order to avoid conflict or to decei

play back
A2

To play a recorded sound or video in order to hear or watch it again.

play down
B2

To make something seem less important, serious, or significant than it really is.

play on
B2

To continue playing, or to exploit someone's emotions, fears, or weaknesses.

play to
B2

To perform or behave in a way that is designed to appeal to a particular audience or exploit a particular strength.

play up
B1

To exaggerate or emphasize something, to misbehave, or (of a machine) to stop working properly.

play up to
B2

To flatter or behave in an ingratiating way toward someone, especially to gain their approval or favor.

play upon
C1

A formal or literary variant of 'play on,' meaning to exploit emotions, fears, or words.

plug into
B1

To connect something to a power source or device, or to access and become part of a larger system or network

point out
A2

To direct someone's attention to a fact, error, or feature, either verbally or physically

point up
C1

To emphasize or make more noticeable a quality, problem, or distinction

pop off
B2

To leave suddenly, to speak angrily or impulsively, or (informal) to die.

pop up
B1

To appear suddenly, unexpectedly, or from nowhere.

post off
B1

To send something by post, especially quickly or as soon as possible.

post up
B2

To display or publish something publicly, or in basketball, to position oneself in the post.

pound out
B2

To produce something with great energy or force, especially music, writing, or rhythmic sounds.

pour forth
C1

To produce or express something in a large, continuous, and often impassioned flow.

pour out
B1

To release liquid from a container, or to express feelings or information freely and completely.

preach down
C1

To use sermons, speeches, or moral argument to condemn or suppress something or someone.

preach up
C1

To promote, praise, or advocate for something through preaching or persistent persuasive speech.

prevail upon
C1

To successfully persuade or convince someone to do something, especially something they were reluctant to do.

prime up
C1

to prepare someone by giving them information or coaching

proffer up
C1

to present or offer something formally

pull apart
B2

to separate something into pieces, or criticize it in detail

pull aside
B1

to move someone to one side, often to speak privately

pull up
B1

To stop a vehicle, to raise or move something upward, to reprimand someone, or to look up information.

pull up on
B2

To challenge, correct, or reprimand someone specifically about a particular error or behaviour.

punch down
B2

To direct criticism, mockery, or attacks toward people or groups who have less power or status than oneself.

punch up
B2

To direct criticism or humour at those with more power or status, or to make a piece of writing more energetic and impactful.

put about
C1

To spread information, rumours, or stories, often unofficially or maliciously; also a nautical term for changing a ship's course.

put across
B2

To communicate an idea, message, or feeling clearly and effectively so that it is understood.

put around
B2

To spread information or rumours among a group of people; also to place something physically around an object.

put before
B2

To formally present something (a proposal, question, or case) to a person or group for consideration or judgment.

put down
B1

To place something on a surface; to criticise or humiliate someone; to end an animal's life humanely; or to suppress a rebellion.

put down as
B2

To regard or categorise someone or something in a particular way, often based on a first impression.

put down to
B2

To say that something is caused by or is the result of a particular thing.

put forth
C1

To propose or offer an idea, argument, or plan for consideration; also to produce new growth (of plants).

put forward
B1

To suggest or nominate an idea, plan, or person for consideration by others

put in
B1

To install equipment or a system; to invest time or effort; to make a formal request; or to say something during a conversation.

put it about
B2

To spread information, gossip, or rumors widely; or (of a person) to be sexually promiscuous.

put it down
B1

To attribute something to a particular cause or reason; also used literally to place an object on a surface.

put it to
B2

To propose something directly to someone, or to challenge them with a statement or question.

put one across
B2

To deceive or trick someone successfully.

put one over
B2

To deceive or trick someone; to gain an advantage through cunning.

put one past
B2

To trick or deceive someone successfully; to get something by someone without them noticing.

put oneself across
B2

To present or express yourself effectively so that others understand your abilities, personality, or ideas.

put onto
B1

To tell someone about something useful or connect them with a person who can help.

put out
A2

To extinguish a flame or light; to publish or release something; to cause someone inconvenience or annoyance; to dislocate a body part.

put over
B1

To communicate or convey an idea, message, or point effectively.

put round
B2

To spread a piece of information, a rumor, or a message among a group of people; also to circulate something physical among a group.

put someone on to
B1

To connect a person with another person, resource, or lead that can help them.

put through
B1

To connect a phone call; to cause someone to experience something difficult; to successfully complete a process or get something approved.

put to
B2

To submit a question or proposal to someone; to apply something to a use or purpose; to cause someone to experience something.

pyramid down
C1

To distribute or pass something downward through successive levels of a hierarchy.

rabbit on
B2

To talk at length in a tedious, rambling, or trivial way, often without getting to the point.

radio ahead
C1

To send a message by radio to someone or somewhere in advance, typically to alert them or prepare them for something.

rag on
B2

To tease, mock, or criticize someone repeatedly in a playful or nagging way.

rail out
C1

To protest or complain angrily and at length; or, in a physical sense, to enclose or separate an area using rails.

rake over
B2

To examine or discuss past events in great detail, especially unpleasant or embarrassing ones.

rally behind
B1

To unite as a group in support of a leader, cause, or idea.

rap at
B1

To knock sharply and quickly on a door, window, or surface.

rap back
C1

To reply sharply or quickly; a rare or non-standard phrasal verb.

rattle off
B1

To say or produce a series of things quickly, easily, and without hesitation.

rattle on
B1

To talk continuously for a long time, often in an irritating or tiresome way.

rattle through
B2

To do or say something very quickly, often without much care or attention to detail.

reach out
A2

To extend your arm to touch something, or to make contact with someone, especially for help or connection.

read across
C1

To apply or transfer information, findings, or principles from one context or domain to another comparable one.

read along
A2

To read text at the same time as someone else is reading it aloud, or to read while listening to an audio version.

read into
B2

To find or assume a hidden or deeper meaning in something, sometimes beyond what was actually intended.

read oneself in
C1

To formally assume a new ecclesiastical or official post by reading a prescribed text or declaration in public.

read out
A2

To read something aloud so that others can hear it, typically from a written source.

reason with
B1

To try to persuade someone to think or behave rationally by presenting calm, logical arguments.

reel in
B2

to pull something in, especially with a reel, or to attract and secure something valuable

reel off
B2

to say or produce a long series of things quickly and easily

reel out
C1

to unwind and let something out, or to speak or produce something in a long flowing way

refer to
B1

To mention or speak about something specifically, or to consult a source of information, or to direct someone elsewhere

remark on
B2

to say something about a person, thing, or situation

remark upon
C1

to comment on something, often in a formal or literary way

repeat on
C1

a very rare or nonstandard combination, not an established everyday phrasal verb

report back
B2

to return and give information about what you found or what happened

report out
C1

to formally present findings, recommendations, or results, especially from a group or committee

rhyme off
B2

To recite or list a series of things quickly and fluently from memory.

rhyme out
C1

To express, discover, or determine something through rhyme or wordplay; largely archaic or dialectal.

rhyme up
C1

To compose or produce rhymes, verses, or rhyming content, often spontaneously.

ring around
B1

To phone several different people or places in succession, usually to find information or arrange something.

ring back
A2

To return a phone call to someone who called earlier.

ring in
B1

To welcome or celebrate the start of something new, especially the New Year; also to call in to work or a radio programme.

ring off
B1

To end a telephone call by putting down the receiver.

ring out
B1

A sound is heard loudly and clearly, or a bell/shot/voice projects outward into the surrounding space.

ring round
B1

To phone several different people one after another, usually to find information or spread news.

ring through
B2

A sound is heard throughout a space, or a phone call connects and is put through to the right person.

ring up
A2

To telephone someone, or to enter the price of goods into a cash register.

rip on
C1

To mock, tease, or criticise someone in an ongoing or repeated way, often in a joking but sometimes hurtful manner.

rizz up
C1

To attract someone romantically using natural charm and charisma; to charm or seduce someone effortlessly.

roar out
B2

To say something very loudly and with great force, as if roaring; or for a powerful roaring sound to be projected outward.

roll off
B1

To leave a surface or place by rolling, or (of words/language) to be produced easily and naturally.

round on
B2

To turn suddenly and attack or criticise someone sharply, often unexpectedly.

round upon
C1

An archaic or literary variant of 'round on': to suddenly turn and attack or criticise someone sharply.

row back
B2

To reverse direction by rowing, or figuratively to withdraw or retreat from a previously stated position or commitment.

rub it in
B1

To keep reminding someone of an unpleasant mistake, failure, or embarrassment, causing further distress.

run by
B1

to tell someone an idea for their opinion, or to pass a place while moving

run down
B1

To hit someone with a vehicle, to criticize someone unfairly, or to become depleted of power or energy

run on
B1

To continue for longer than expected, to talk for too long, or to operate using a particular fuel or power source

run over
B1

To drive a vehicle over a person or thing, to review something quickly, or to exceed a time limit

run past
B2

To quickly share an idea or piece of information with someone to get their opinion or approval

run through
B1

To review or practise something from start to finish, to stab someone with a long weapon, or for something to spread rapidly through a group

run with
B2

To take an idea, plan, or opportunity and develop it enthusiastically and independently

savor of
C1

American spelling of 'savour of': to have a suggestion or trace of a particular quality, often something undesirable.

savour of
C1

British spelling: to suggest or have a trace of a particular quality, especially something slightly suspicious or unpleasant.

say to oneself
A2

To think something in words, as if speaking to yourself internally.

schmaltz up
C1

To make something excessively sentimental, emotionally manipulative, or mawkishly sweet.

scope in
B2

To include something within the defined boundaries or range of a project, plan, or discussion.

score off
B2

To delete by drawing a line through text, or to gain an advantage over someone by making them look foolish.

score out
B2

To delete a word or passage by drawing a line through it.

score through
B2

To delete text by drawing a line through it from one side to the other.

scratch out
B2

To cancel or remove written words by drawing lines through them, or to laboriously write or carve something.

scrawl down
B2

To write something quickly and messily, producing hard-to-read handwriting.

scrawl off
C1

To write something quickly and messily, especially a note or letter, and dispatch it.

scrawl out
B2

To write something in a messy or illegible way.

scrawl up
C1

To hastily produce a written document or message in messy handwriting.

scream for
B1

To urgently demand or desperately need something or someone, either literally by screaming or figuratively.

screech out
B2

To say or emit something in a loud, high-pitched, or harsh voice.

scribble down
B1

To write something quickly and often untidily

script out
B2

To write something out in full detail as a script or formal written plan

search up
A2

To look up information using a search engine or device

see for oneself
B1

To personally observe or experience something directly, rather than relying on what others say

see in
B1

To perceive or recognise a particular quality or value in a person or thing.

see into
B2

To look inside a space, or to understand someone's hidden thoughts, feelings, or motives.

see through
B2

To recognise that someone or something is not genuine; or to continue with something until it is finished.

seize on
B2

To take quick advantage of something, such as an idea, opportunity, or piece of information.

seize upon
B2

To eagerly and quickly take advantage of an idea, opportunity, or piece of information; the more formal variant of 'seize on'.

sell on
B2

To buy something and then sell it to someone else, often at a higher price; or to convince someone of something.

send around
A2

To distribute or circulate something — such as a message, document, or person — to multiple recipients or to a different location.

send away
A2

To tell someone to leave or to dispatch someone or something to a distant place.

send away for
B1

To write to a company or organisation and request that they send you something by post.

send back
A2

To return something to where it came from, or to order someone to go back to where they were.

send for
B1

To request that someone come to you, or to order something to be delivered.

send forth
C1

To dispatch or emit something outward, used especially in literary, religious, or formal contexts.

send in
B1

To submit something formally, or to deploy people into a situation.

send off
B1

To post something, to give someone a farewell, or (in sport) to order a player to leave the field.

send on
B2

To forward something (mail, luggage, information) to someone at a new address or later destination.

send out
B1

To distribute something to multiple people, or to emit a signal or signal.

send up
B2

To parody or mock someone/something with humour, or to send something physically upward.

serve up
B1

To present food ready to eat, or to provide or produce something (often used critically).

set down
B2

To place something on a surface, to record something in writing, or to let a passenger out of a vehicle.

set forth
C1

To begin a journey, or to state or explain something formally and in full.

set out
B1

To begin a journey or task with a clear purpose, or to arrange and display things, or to explain something clearly.

sex up
B2

To make something more exciting, appealing, or sexually attractive, often through exaggeration or manipulation.

sexy up
B2

An informal variant of 'sex up' — to make something more exciting, attractive, or glamorous.

shew forth
C1

An archaic expression meaning to display, reveal, or proclaim something, especially God's glory or praise.

shine through
B1

To be clearly visible or apparent, especially a positive quality that is evident despite obstacles or concealment.

shoot back
B1

To fire back at an attacker, or to reply quickly and sharply

shout down
B2

To silence or prevent someone from speaking by shouting louder or more persistently than them

shout out
A2

To call out loudly to someone, or to give a public mention or acknowledgement of appreciation

shove off
B1

To go away (often used as a rude command), or to push a boat away from the shore to start sailing

show around
A2

To guide someone through a place, pointing out features of interest.

show away
C1

To dismiss or send someone away, particularly in a formal or authoritative context.

show forth
C1

To display, reveal, or make evident, especially something abstract like a quality or virtue.

show in
B1

To escort a visitor inside a building or room, especially in a formal or professional setting.

show off
A2

To display something or someone proudly, often in a way designed to impress others.

show out
B2

To escort a visitor or guest out of a building or room, guiding them to the exit.

show round
A2

To guide someone through a place, showing them points of interest — the British English equivalent of 'show around'.

show up
A2

To arrive or appear somewhere, often unexpectedly or after a delay; also to make something visible or to embarrass someone.

shower with
B1

To give someone a great deal of something, especially as an expression of affection or praise.

shut down
A2

To stop operating permanently or temporarily — used for machines, businesses, and systems; also to silence or stop a person.

shut up
A2

To stop talking, or to cause someone/something to stop making noise.

sign off
B1

To formally end a communication, broadcast, or document; or to give official approval to something.

simper out
C1

To say something in an excessively sweet, coy, or silly manner.

sing out
B2

To sing or call out loudly and clearly; to shout something out, sometimes in a melodic way.

sing up
B1

To sing louder or more confidently; an encouragement to increase one's singing volume.

sit down
A2

to move into a seated position, or to begin a serious discussion

skate around
C1

to avoid dealing directly with a difficult subject or problem

skate over
B2

to deal with something too quickly and without enough attention

sketch out
B2

to give a rough plan, outline, or description of something

skim through
B1

To read or look through something quickly without paying attention to every detail.

skirt around
B2

To go around the edge of something, or to avoid addressing a topic directly.

slag off
B2

To criticize or say rude, unkind things about someone or something, usually behind their back.

slap down
B2

To reject or rebuke someone or their idea firmly and dismissively, often by someone in authority.

sling in
B2

To add or submit something in a casual, offhand, or careless way.

sling over
B1

To casually throw or pass something to someone across a space.

slip in
B1

To enter a place quietly or to include something briefly without drawing attention

slip it to
B2

To give something to someone secretly or discreetly

slip out
B1

To leave a place quietly, or for words/information to be said or revealed accidentally

slur over
C1

To pass over something quickly and carelessly, treating it so briefly that details are obscured or ignored

smack down
B2

To forcefully rebuke, defeat, or physically knock someone down.

smart off
B2

To make a rude, sarcastic, or disrespectful remark, especially to someone in authority.

smell out
B2

To detect or discover something by using the sense of smell, or by instinct and keen perception.

smooth over
B2

To make a problem, disagreement, or awkward situation seem less serious, often through tactful behaviour.

snap at
B1

To try to bite someone or something with a quick movement; or to speak to someone irritably and sharply.

snap back
B1

To return suddenly and sharply to a previous position or state; or to reply sharply to someone.

sneck up
C1

A regional British dialectal expression meaning to fasten a latch, or (as an exclamation) to be quiet.

sniff out
B2

To discover or detect something hidden, using skill, instinct, or investigation.

snitch up
C1

To inform on someone to a person in authority, especially by revealing their wrongdoing.

sod off
B1

A rude British English expression telling someone to go away or expressing dismissal.

sound off
B2

To express your opinions loudly, forcefully, or at length, especially when complaining or criticising.

sound out
B2

To discreetly investigate someone's opinions, intentions, or availability before making a decision or proposal.

spank out
C1

Not widely established; occasionally used informally to mean producing something quickly or at full speed.

spark off
B2

To cause something to begin suddenly, especially a conflict, controversy, or chain of events.

spark up
C1

to light a cigarette or suddenly begin something lively such as a conversation

speak down to
B2

to speak to someone in a patronizing way as if they are less intelligent

speak for
B2

to represent someone, express support for something, or suggest that something shows a particular quality

speak for oneself
B2

to express your own opinions rather than letting others do it for you

speak of
B1

to mention, discuss, or suggest something

speak out
B1

to express your opinions publicly and bravely, especially about something wrong

speak to
B1

to talk with someone, address a topic, or be relevant to someone

speak up
A2

to speak more loudly or to express your opinion more clearly

spell it out
B1

to explain something in a very clear and direct way with no doubt

spell out
B1

to say or write the letters of a word, or to explain something very clearly

spit it out
B1

An imperative urging someone to say what they are clearly hesitating to say

spit out
B1

To forcefully eject something from the mouth, or to say something angrily and abruptly

spool out
B2

To unwind or extend gradually from a spool, or (figuratively) for a story or situation to unfold

spout off
B2

To speak at length about something in a loud, opinionated, and often tedious or ill-informed way

spout out
B1

To flow or shoot out with force, or to say something rapidly and at length

stall off
C1

To delay or postpone something, especially a threat, creditor, or difficult situation, by making excuses or using diversionary tactics

stand for
B1

To represent or symbolize something, to tolerate behavior, or to be a candidate in an election.

stand on
B2

To be based on or founded upon something, or to insist on something as a matter of principle.

stand up for
B1

To defend or support a person, principle, or belief, especially when they are being criticized or attacked.

stand upon
C1

A formal or archaic variant of 'stand on', meaning to be based on a principle or to insist on one's rights.

start in on
B2

To begin criticizing, nagging, or reprimanding someone, or to begin working on something

start into
B2

To begin doing something, especially speaking or performing an action, often suddenly or energetically

start on
B1

To begin a task, project, or activity; or to begin criticizing or nagging someone

start on at
B2

To begin nagging, criticizing, or persistently complaining to someone

start up on
B2

To begin criticizing, lecturing, or nagging someone about something

step in it
B2

To accidentally get into trouble, do something embarrassing, or make a social blunder.

stick down
B1

To press something down so it stays flat and attached to a surface, or to write something down quickly.

stomp for
C1

To campaign or canvass actively on behalf of a political candidate or cause (chiefly American English).

straighten out
B1

To resolve a confused situation, correct a misunderstanding, or improve someone's behavior.

strike in
C1

To interrupt a conversation by suddenly adding a remark.

strike out
B1

To delete something written, to fail (especially in baseball), to begin an independent journey, or to attack.

strike through
B2

To draw a line horizontally through text to indicate it is deleted, incorrect, or no longer valid.

strike up
B1

To begin playing music, or to suddenly start a conversation, friendship, or relationship.

string along
B2

To deceive someone by maintaining false hope, or to accompany someone informally.

string together
B1

To connect or combine a series of things (especially words, ideas, or events) in a sequence.

stroke out
B2

To suffer a stroke (a medical emergency), or to cross out writing with a stroke of the pen.

suck in
B1

To draw air, liquid, or a person inward by suction, or to deceive and involve someone in something.

suck up
B1

To ingratiate oneself with someone in authority through flattery; or to absorb a liquid or substance.

sum up
B1

To give a brief, clear summary of the main points of something.

suss out
B2

To discover, understand, or investigate something or someone through careful observation or intuition.

swear at
A2

To direct offensive, rude, or profane language at someone, usually out of anger or frustration.

swear by
B1

To have great confidence in something and recommend it strongly, based on personal experience; or to take a solemn oath using something as w

swear down
C1

British urban slang meaning to insist very emphatically that something is true; to swear that one is telling the truth.

swear on
B1

To make a solemn oath by invoking something sacred or deeply valued as a guarantee of truth.

swear upon
B2

A more formal or literary variant of 'swear on,' used to invoke something sacred or precious as the foundation of a solemn promise.

sweeten up
B2

To make a person more willing, happy, or cooperative, often by being kind or offering something attractive; also to make an offer or deal mo

switch off
A2

To stop a device, light, or machine from operating by pressing or flipping a switch, or to stop paying attention and mentally disengage.

switch on
A2

To activate a device, light, or machine by using a switch, or to activate a quality, charm, or skill when needed.

sync up
B1

To coordinate, align, or match timing, data, or information between two or more people or systems

tag on
B2

To add something extra at the end, often as an afterthought

tail away
B2

To gradually decrease, weaken, or diminish, especially of a sound or trend

tail off
B2

To gradually decrease, diminish, or fade until almost nothing remains

take away from
B2

To reduce the value, impact, or quality of something; to lessen how impressive or good something seems

take back
A2

To return something to where it came from; to retract a statement; or to cause someone to remember a past time

take for
B2

To believe or assume someone or something is a particular type of person or thing, often mistakenly

take it away
B1

An enthusiastic invitation for someone to begin performing, speaking, or leading.

take up for
B2

To defend or support someone who is being criticized or mistreated.

take up with
C1

To begin associating with someone (often disapprovingly), or to raise a matter with the appropriate person.

take with
B2

To accept something with some skepticism ('take with a grain of salt') or to consume a medicine alongside food or liquid.

talk about
A2

To discuss a topic, or (as a fixed exclamation) to emphasize a striking example of something.

talk around
B2

To discuss the periphery of a topic without addressing the main point, or (British English) to persuade someone through conversation.

talk at
B2

To speak to someone in a one-sided way, without listening or allowing them to respond.

talk back
B1

To respond rudely or disrespectfully to someone in authority, such as a parent or teacher.

talk down to
B1

To speak to someone as though they are less intelligent or important than you, in a condescending way.

talk into
B1

To persuade someone to do something through conversation.

talk out
B2

To resolve a problem or conflict by discussing it openly and fully, or (British English) to use up parliamentary time to prevent a vote.

talk out of
B1

To persuade someone not to do something through conversation.

talk over
B1

To discuss something carefully with someone, or to speak at the same time as someone else, drowning out their voice.

talk past
B2

To fail to communicate because each speaker is addressing different points or assumptions.

talk round
B2

To persuade someone to agree with you, or to discuss a topic without addressing it directly.

talk through
B1

To explain or discuss something in detail, especially to help someone understand or to work out a problem together.

talk to
A2

To speak to or have a conversation with someone, or to reprimand someone.

talk to oneself
A2

To speak aloud when alone, addressing oneself rather than another person.

talk up
B2

To speak enthusiastically about something in order to make it sound better or more important.

tap on
A2

To touch a surface lightly with a finger or object, often to attract attention or to check in to a transit system.

tear into
B2

To attack someone verbally, to begin eating or working with great energy, or to physically rip into something.

tease apart
C1

To carefully separate strands, elements, or ideas that are tangled or mixed together.

tease out
B2

To extract something — information, meaning, or a detail — slowly and carefully from a complex or tangled source.

tell of
C1

To narrate, describe, or give an account of something, usually in a formal or literary way.

think on
B2

To consider or reflect on something; also used in the phrase 'think on your feet' meaning to respond quickly and cleverly.

think up
B1

To invent or create something new through thought, especially an idea, plan, or excuse.

thrash out
B2

To reach an agreement or solution by means of lengthy and vigorous discussion or debate.

thresh out
C1

An older variant of 'thrash out', meaning to resolve or settle something through discussion; also the literal agricultural process of separa

throw about
B2

To throw something carelessly in various directions; or to use something (such as money or words) freely and without care.

throw in
B1

To include something extra at no extra cost; to add something casually to a conversation or situation; or to give up (in the set phrase 'thr

throw it back
B2

To return something physically or verbally with force; or (slang) to dance by rolling and thrusting the hips.

throw off on
C1

A chiefly Southern and Midwestern American dialectal expression meaning to speak disparagingly about someone or to insult them indirectly.

throw up to
B2

To reproach someone by repeatedly reminding them of a past mistake or failing.

thumb down
B1

To disapprove of or reject something, typically by gesture or informal vote.

thumb through
B1

To turn the pages of a book, magazine, or document quickly and casually without reading in detail.

tick off
A2

To mark an item on a list as done; to reprimand someone; or (especially AmE) to annoy or anger someone.

tie in
B2

To be connected or coordinated with something else; to relate or correspond.

tie in with
B2

To be connected with, correspond to, or coordinate well with something else.

tie into
B2

To connect to or integrate with a larger system; or (informally) to attack or criticize someone sharply.

tip off
B2

To secretly warn or inform someone about something, especially something that will give them an advantage or help them prepare.

tiptoe around
B2

To move quietly on one's toes, or figuratively to avoid a sensitive subject or person very carefully so as not to cause upset.

tone down
B2

To make something less extreme, forceful, loud, or intense in colour, language, or behaviour.

top it off
B1

Used to describe the final, often ironic or extreme, addition to a series of events.

toss around
B1

To consider or discuss ideas casually, or to throw something about in different directions.

toss in
B1

To add something casually or as an extra, either in a conversation or as part of a deal.

toss out
B1

To discard something, reject an idea, or remove someone from a place.

touch on
B1

To mention or discuss a topic briefly without going into detail.

touch upon
B2

To mention or discuss a topic briefly and without going into detail, typically in a formal or written context.

trace out
B2

to mark, draw, or identify the outline or course of something

track with
C1

to be consistent with, make sense with, or match something else

trail away
B2

to become gradually weaker, quieter, or less clear until it disappears

trail off
B2

to gradually become quieter, weaker, or less complete until stopping

treat of
C1

To deal with or discuss a particular subject, especially in a book or formal text.

trickle down
B2

To move or spread slowly and in small amounts from a higher level to a lower one, especially used of money, benefits, or information.

trip over oneself
B2

To be so eager or hurried to do something that you become clumsy or make mistakes in the process.

troon out
C1

An extremely rare or nonce expression; not an established standard English phrasal verb.

trot out
B2

To produce or present something, especially an argument, excuse, or person, in a way that suggests it is overused, routine, or unoriginal.

trump up
B2

To invent or fabricate a false accusation, charge, or excuse, typically to harm someone or create a false pretext.

tune in
A2

To watch or listen to a broadcast, or to become aware of and connected to what is happening.

tune out
B1

To stop paying attention to something, either deliberately or because it has become boring or irritating.

turn forth
C1

To send, drive, or cause someone/something to go outward; to produce or emit.

turn to
B1

To seek help or comfort from someone, or to start doing something different.

urge on
B2

To strongly encourage someone to keep going or to try harder.

usher in
B2

To formally or ceremonially introduce something significant, or to guide someone into a place.

vote down
B1

To reject a proposal, motion, or bill through a formal vote.

vote in
B1

To elect someone to a position or pass a measure through voting.

vote out
B1

To remove someone from a position of power or membership by voting against them.

vote up
B2

To endorse or positively rate something, especially online content, causing it to rise in ranking.

vouch for
B2

To confirm or guarantee the honesty, quality, or truth of someone or something based on personal knowledge.

wade in
B2

To enter a situation or argument boldly and energetically, often without hesitation or caution.

walk back
B2

To retract, reverse, or distance oneself from a previously stated position, claim, or commitment, often gradually or diplomatically.

warm over
C1

To reheat food, or (figuratively) to present old ideas or material as if they were new.

warn off
B2

To tell someone to stay away or stop doing something, using a warning or threat.

wash oneself of
C1

To claim to be free from guilt, responsibility, or blame for something.

water down
B2

To dilute a liquid or to weaken the impact, strength, or effect of something.

wave aside
B2

To dismiss something as unimportant or irrelevant, often with a physical or metaphorical gesture.

wave away
B1

To dismiss someone or something with a wave of the hand, or to reject an idea or comment without consideration.

wave down
B1

To signal to a vehicle or person with a wave to make them stop.

wave in
B2

To gesture with a wave for someone to enter a place.

wave off
B2

To dismiss something with a wave, or to wave goodbye to someone as they depart.

wave through
B2

To signal with a wave for someone to pass through, or to approve something quickly without careful scrutiny.

wax on
B2

To apply wax to a surface in an outward motion, or (informal/literary) to speak at length on a subject.

weigh in
B2

To be officially weighed before a competition, or to join a discussion or argument with a strong opinion.

whale on
C1

To hit someone or something repeatedly and hard; or to criticize someone harshly and continuously.

wheel out
B2

To bring someone or something out for use or display, often implying it is done repeatedly or that the thing is old and predictable.

whip it on
C1

To produce, deliver, or present something with speed and confidence.

whip up
B1

To prepare food quickly, or to arouse strong emotions or enthusiasm in a group of people.

whistle up
C1

To summon or produce something or someone quickly, as if by simply whistling for them.

wig on to
C1

To become aware of or to understand something, often something that was previously hidden or not immediately obvious.

wig onto
C1

To become aware of or to understand something; a variant spelling of 'wig on to'.

win around
B2

To persuade someone who was previously opposed or doubtful to support you or agree with you.

win over
B1

To successfully persuade someone to support you, like you, or agree with your position.

win round
B2

To persuade someone who was previously reluctant or opposed to change their mind and support you.

wink at
B1

To close one eye briefly at someone as a signal or flirtatious gesture; or figuratively, to knowingly overlook or tolerate something imprope

winkle out
C1

To extract something or someone with difficulty, especially information from an unwilling person or a person from a secure place.

wise off
B2

To make sarcastic, impertinent, or disrespectful remarks, especially to someone in authority.

word up
C1

An exclamation used to express agreement, affirmation, or to call for attention — rooted in hip-hop culture.

worm out
C1

To extract information or a secret from someone by persistent, clever, or indirect questioning.

write down
A2

To record something in writing so you do not forget it, or to reduce the official value of something in accounting.

write in
B1

To send a letter or message to an organization, publication, or broadcaster; or to vote for an unlisted candidate by writing their name.

write out
B1

To write something in full, longhand, or in complete detail; or to remove a character from a TV series or story.

write over
B2

To replace existing data or text by writing new content on top of it, destroying the original.

write up
B1

To produce a full, organized, or finished written account of something, such as a report, review, or article.

yack on
B2

To talk at length in a noisy, trivial, or tedious way without saying anything important.

yak on
B2

To talk continuously and at length, especially in a tedious or trivial way.

yammer on
B2

To talk or complain at excessive length in a noisy, annoying, or whining way.

yarn on
C1

To tell stories or chat at length, often in an informal, anecdotal, or entertaining way.

yell out
A2

To say something very loudly and suddenly, often to be heard from a distance or to express surprise.

yield up
C1

To give something up or surrender it, often reluctantly or after resistance; to reveal or disclose something hidden.

zap over
B1

To send something quickly to someone, usually electronically; or to switch quickly to a different TV channel.

zero in
B2

To focus sharply on a target or subject, narrowing attention to one specific point

zip up
A2

To close a zipper by pulling it upward, or to tell someone to stop talking

zoom in
A2

To use a camera, app, or lens to make the subject of an image appear larger and closer

zoom in on
B1

To use a camera or lens to magnify a specific subject, or to examine or focus closely on a particular detail or topic