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lay off

B1 neutral separable both
In simple words

Tell workers they no longer have a job, or tell someone to stop what they're doing.

Literal meaning: To lay (place) someone off to one side; to remove from active duty.

Meanings

1 B1 neutral

To dismiss employees from their jobs, usually because the company cannot afford to keep them.

"The factory had to lay off two hundred workers when orders declined."

"Amazon is laying off more than 18,000 employees, the largest round of cuts in the company's history."

— The New York Times, January 2023
Grammar: separable
2 B1 idiomatic informal

To stop doing something, or to stop consuming something that is harmful or excessive.

"The doctor told him to lay off fatty foods and get more exercise."

Grammar: inseparable
3 B1 idiomatic informal

To stop bothering or harassing someone.

"Will you just lay off me? I've already said I'm sorry."

Grammar: inseparable
Usage notes

The employment sense is standard in both British and American English and is neutral in register. The 'stop bothering' sense is informal and is often used as a direct command. The 'stop doing something harmful' sense (e.g. lay off the drinking) is informal. Do not confuse with 'layoff' (noun), meaning a period of unemployment.

Commonly used with

workers staff employees drinking smoking junk food

Forms

Base
lay off
I/you/we/they
3rd person
lays off
he/she/it
Past simple
laid off
yesterday
Past participle
laid off
have + pp
-ing form
laying off
continuous

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Synonyms

cut back dismiss downsize let go make redundant retrench

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