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weigh down

B1 neutral separable transitive
In simple words

To make something heavy so it sinks or can't move, or to make someone feel very sad and stressed.

Literal meaning: To push something downward by placing a heavy object on top of it.

Meanings

1 B1 neutral

To make something physically heavy so that it sinks, bends, or cannot move freely.

"The snow weighed down the pine branches until they nearly touched the ground."

Grammar: separable
2 B2 idiomatic neutral

To cause someone to feel deeply sad, stressed, or unable to cope due to problems or responsibilities.

"She was visibly weighed down by the stress of caring for her sick mother while working full time."

"He was weighed down by the heavy burden of leadership."

— Widely attributed paraphrase of themes in Nelson Mandela, 'Long Walk to Freedom', 1994
Grammar: separable
3 B2 idiomatic neutral

To prevent progress or success by adding too many problems, costs, or obligations.

"The company was weighed down by debt and could not invest in new technology."

Grammar: separable
Usage notes

Used both literally (physical weight) and figuratively (emotional/mental burden). In the figurative sense, it is often used in the passive: 'weighed down by grief/debt/responsibility.'

Commonly used with

grief debt worry responsibility luggage branches

Forms

Base
weigh down
I/you/we/they
3rd person
weighs down
he/she/it
Past simple
weighed down
yesterday
Past participle
weighed down
have + pp
-ing form
weighing down
continuous

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