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fend off

B2 neutral separable transitive
In simple words

To stop someone or something from reaching or hurting you by pushing them away.

Literal meaning: To defend by pushing something away from yourself.

Meanings

1 B2 neutral

To defend yourself against a physical attack by blocking or pushing away an attacker.

"She used her bag to fend off the attacker until help arrived."

Grammar: separable
2 B2 idiomatic neutral

To deal with difficult questions, criticism, or unwanted attention by deflecting or avoiding them.

"The CEO spent most of the press conference fending off questions about the scandal."

"He had spent months fending off criticism of his handling of the economy."

— Common journalistic phrasing; widely used in UK/US broadsheet reporting.
Grammar: separable
3 B1 idiomatic neutral

To resist or overcome illness, tiredness, or another unwanted physical condition.

"Eating plenty of vitamin C can help you fend off a cold."

Grammar: separable
4 C1 idiomatic formal

To protect a business or organization against a hostile takeover, competitor, or threat.

"The board voted to reject the offer and fend off the takeover bid."

Grammar: separable
Usage notes

Used in both physical and figurative contexts. Very common in journalism for sports, politics, and business (e.g., 'fend off a takeover bid', 'fend off questions'). The object is usually placed after 'off' or between the two parts.

Commonly used with

attack criticism questions rivals infection takeover

Forms

Base
fend off
I/you/we/they
3rd person
fends off
he/she/it
Past simple
fended off
yesterday
Past participle
fended off
have + pp
-ing form
fending off
continuous

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