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cock up

B1 informal separable both
In simple words

To make a big mistake and ruin something.

Literal meaning: Originally referred to a hat brim being cocked (tilted) incorrectly or a gun hammer left unsafely raised; now entirely idiomatic.

Meanings

1 B1 idiomatic informal

To ruin or spoil something through a careless or stupid mistake.

"I completely cocked up the soufflé — I forgot to preheat the oven."

"We've cocked it up, we've really cocked it up."

— John Cleese, Fawlty Towers (attributed in various interviews referencing the show's production)
Grammar: separable
2 B1 idiomatic informal

To make a serious error that has damaging consequences for others.

"The government cocked up the vaccine rollout in the early stages."

Grammar: separable
3 B2 neutral

(Literal, rare) To tilt or raise something upward at an angle, such as an ear or a hat brim.

"The dog cocked up its ears at the sound of the doorbell."

Grammar: separable
Usage notes

Very common in British English. Can be used as a verb ('he cocked it up') or noun ('what a cock-up'). The noun form 'cock-up' is hyphenated. Considered mildly vulgar by some but widely used in British media and conversation. Not considered offensive enough to avoid in most adult contexts.

Commonly used with

interview presentation job plan order booking

Forms

Base
cock up
I/you/we/they
3rd person
cocks up
he/she/it
Past simple
cocked up
yesterday
Past participle
cocked up
have + pp
-ing form
cocking up
continuous

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