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close in upon

C1 formal inseparable transitive
In simple words

When people or things slowly move in from every direction around something, like in a story or old-fashioned writing.

Literal meaning: To move ('close') inward ('in') specifically on top of or over ('upon') a target.

Meanings

1 C1 formal

To approach from all sides and surround someone or something, typically in a threatening way (literary/formal).

"The shadows seemed to close in upon her as she walked deeper into the forest."

Grammar: inseparable
2 C1 idiomatic formal

Of an oppressive feeling or situation: to overwhelm someone gradually (literary/figurative).

"A sense of dread began to close in upon him as he read the final page of the letter."

Grammar: inseparable
Usage notes

Archaic or literary register. Rarely encountered in modern everyday English. Found in 19th-century literature and formal prose. Learners should recognise it but use 'close in on' in practice.

Commonly used with

enemy darkness forces pursuers walls sea

Forms

Base
close in upon
I/you/we/they
3rd person
closes in upon
he/she/it
Past simple
closed in upon
yesterday
Past participle
closed in upon
have + pp
-ing form
closing in upon
continuous

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